伴中央颞区棘波的良性儿童癫痫伴睡眠中癫痫性电持续状态的临床和脑电图随访观察
发布时间:2018-04-04 12:41
本文选题:伴中央颞区棘波 切入点:睡眠中癫痫性电持续状态 出处:《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文
【摘要】:背景与目的: 伴中央中颞区棘波的良性儿童癫痫(BCECTS),是最常见的儿童良性癫痫综合征,具有特殊的临床症状及脑电图放电特点,预后良好。但随着医学的发展,越来越多的研究发现部分BCECTS的治疗转归并不理想,并非总是良性的,部分存在认知及行为障碍、注意力缺陷多动症(ADHD)等,部分伴发睡眠中癫痫性电持续状态(ESES)、获得性癫痫性失语(LKS)等。ESES是一种特殊的脑电图现象,主要是指睡眠中NREM期持续棘慢波发放,常伴有不同程度的神经心理损伤。因此,早期诊断和有效治疗可改善远期预后。本研究回顾性分析了11例BCECTS伴ESES患儿的临床与脑电图特征、治疗反应及预后,为BCECTS伴ESES的临床诊治提供参考。 资料与方法: 回顾分析吉林大学中日联谊医院儿科癫痫门诊2005年1月~2011年10月收治的11例BCECTS伴ESES患儿的临床和脑电图特征。诊断标准:①BCECTS:1989年国际抗癫痫联盟(ILAE)提出的BCECTS诊断标准。②ESES:棘慢波指数(SWI)达到或超过85%。SWI计算方法:总棘慢复合波持续时间(min)/总NREM睡眠时间(min)。记录所有患儿的一般资料(包括性别、出生史、热性惊觉或癫痫家族史、神经心理发育情况),诊断BCECTS前后的临床资料(包括起病年龄、临床发作特点、脑电图特点、神经影像学特点、神经心理发育、治疗及疗效),发现ESES前后的临床资料(包括ESES出现年龄、临床发作特点改变、诊断ESES时的脑电图特点、神经心理改变),ESES治疗及随访资料(包括治疗方法、临床控制情况、脑电图改善情况、神经心理损伤恢复情况及随访时间)。对所有结果进行归纳分析。 结果: 本组11例患儿中:(1)男4例,女7例。(2)发病年龄5岁1月~9岁8月,平均年龄6.8±1.2岁。诊断BCECTS时部分性发作3例,部分性发作继发全身性发作8例;6例发作间期EEG在清醒及睡眠期均见典型的中央颞区棘波,5例仅在睡眠期出现;神经心理运动发育均正常;神经影像学检查均未见异常;应用AEDs单药治疗,发作完全控制6例,显效3例,有效2例。(3)ESES出现年龄为6岁10月~11岁8月,平均7.9±1.4岁。病程中5例发作频率增加,并出现新的发作类型,6例发作频率增加,但未见新的发作类型;发作间期EEG在NREM睡眠期可见全导或中央、中颞区高幅棘慢波接近持续性发放,SWI均达到或超过85%;发生ESES后患儿均出现不同程度的神经心理损伤。(4)随访11月~6年9个月,平均2.7±1.8年。应用ADEs或ADEs联合口服泼尼松治疗,其中LEV单药治疗1例,LEV联合VPA4例,LEV联合TPM1例,VPA联合CZP2例,VPA合并口服泼尼松2例;11例患儿中发作完全控制5例,显效4例,有效2例;脑电图异常放电完全控制1例,显效4例,有效2例,无效4例;1例神经心理损伤恢复正常,10例较前改善。 结论: 1、BCECTS伴ESES时常伴发不同程度的神经心理损伤,治疗上不仅要控制癫痫发作,,还应改善持续的癫痫样放电以促进神经心理学损伤的康复。 2、BCECTS伴ESES常需联合治疗,VPA联合CZP效果较好,LEV有一定疗效,部分患儿需应用肾上腺皮质激素治疗。
[Abstract]:Background and purpose:
With central temporal spikes of benign childhood epilepsy wave (BCECTS), is the most common benign childhood epilepsy syndrome, with clinical symptoms and EEG discharge characteristics, special good prognosis. But with the development of medical science, more and more studies have found part of the treatment outcome of BCECTS is not ideal, are not always benign. The cognitive and behavioral disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sometimes accompanied with electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES), acquired epileptic aphasia (LKS),.ESES is a special kind of EEG phenomenon, mainly refers to the sleep stage NREM continuous spike wave discharges, neuropsychological impairment in different degree often accompanied by. Therefore, early diagnosis and effective treatment can improve the long-term prognosis. In this study, a retrospective analysis of 11 cases of BCECTS with ESES in the clinical and EEG characteristics, treatment response and prognosis, clinical diagnosis and treatment of BCECTS complicated with ESES. Provide reference.
Information and methods:
Analysis of the clinical and EEG characteristics of Sino Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University pediatric epilepsy clinic from January 2005 to October 2011 were 11 cases of BCECTS with ESES were reviewed. The diagnostic criteria of BCECTS:1989 in the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) is proposed. The diagnostic standard of BCECTS ESES: spike wave index (SWI) reached or more than 85%.SWI: total calculation method spike and slow wave duration (min / NREM) total sleep time (min). The general information recorded in all children (including gender, birth history, heat shocked or family history of epilepsy, developmental neuropsychological), diagnosis of clinical data before and after BCECTS (including age of onset, clinical characteristics, clinical characteristics, neuroimaging features, neuropsychological development, treatment and curative effect), the clinical data before and after ESES (including the ESES age, clinical characteristics, EEG characteristics and neuropsychological diagnosis of ESES Changes, ESES treatment and follow-up data (including treatment, clinical control, EEG improvement, neuropsychological recovery and follow-up).
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