2010-2015年西安市出生缺陷和空气污染的空间分布特征

发布时间：2018-05-03 04:01

本文选题：空气污染 + 出生缺陷　；参考：《西安交通大学学报(医学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的分析西安市出生缺陷、空气污染的空间分布特征,探讨空气污染暴露与出生缺陷结局的相关性。方法计算2010-2015年西安市空气污染物浓度的算术均值、中位数,描述其集中趋势;统计四分位间距描述其离散趋势;反距离权重空间插值法描述空气污染物在整个研究区域的分布情况。统计2010-2015年西安市各区县出生缺陷总的发生数,并结合活产儿监测数据计算出生缺陷发生率,描述其总体发生水平;利用全局趋势分析描述出生缺陷空间上的主体变化规律;采用秩相关分析出生缺陷和空气污染的相关性。结果 2010-2015年西安市空气污染物空间分布结果显示:SO_2在莲湖区、雁塔区、灞桥区、碑林区、新城区等区县浓度较高;NO_2在雁塔区、灞桥区、莲湖区、碑林区、新城区等区县浓度较高;PM10在灞桥区、雁塔区、新城区、未央区、阎良区等区县浓度较高;PM2.5在灞桥区、新城区、莲湖区、未央区、高陵区等区县浓度较高。2010-2015年西安市出生缺陷发生总数为6 858例,围产儿总数为752 142例,发生率为91.18/万。出生缺陷的空间分布自西向东和自南向北方向总体均呈倒"U"型特点,出生缺陷与NO_2浓度正相关。结论西安市空气污染和出生缺陷存在明显的地区差别,出生缺陷可能与NO_2有一定的相关性。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the spatial distribution of birth defects and air pollution in Xi'an and to explore the relationship between air pollution exposure and birth defects. Methods the arithmetic mean and median of air pollutant concentration in Xi'an from 2010 to 2015 were calculated, and the concentration trend was described, and the discrete trend was described by statistical quartile spacing. The inverse distance weighted spatial interpolation method describes the distribution of air pollutants in the whole study area. According to the statistics of the total number of birth defects in Xi'an from 2010 to 2015, the incidence rate of birth defects was calculated by combining with the monitoring data of live births, and the overall occurrence level was described, and the main changes of birth defects in space were described by global trend analysis. The correlation between birth defects and air pollution was analyzed by rank correlation. Results from 2010 to 2015, the spatial distribution of air pollutants in Xi'an City showed that the concentration of WSO2 was higher in Lianhu District, Yanta District, Baqiao District, Forest area of Steles, Xincheng District, etc., in Yanta District, Baqiao District, Lianhu District, Stele Forest area, etc. Higher concentration of PM10 in Baqiao District, Yanta District, Xincheng District, Weiyang District, Yanliang District and other districts in Baqiao District, Xincheng District, Lianhu District, Weichung District, Yanliang District, and other districts, such as Baqiao District, Xincheng District, Lianhu District, Weiyang District, The total number of birth defects in Xi'an from 2010 to 2015 was 6858 and the total perinatal number was 752,142, the incidence rate was 911,800. The spatial distribution of birth defects from west to east and from south to north showed the characteristics of inverted "U" type, and the birth defects were positively correlated with the concentration of NO_2. Conclusion there are obvious regional differences between air pollution and birth defects in Xi'an, and birth defects may be related to NO_2.
【作者单位】：西安市妇幼保健院;西安交通大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系;
【基金】：陕西省卫计委出生缺陷防治课题(No.sxwsjswzfcght2016-013) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81230016)~~
【分类号】：X51;R174

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