太原市城区婴幼儿体格发育调查分析

发布时间：2018-05-20 11:17

本文选题：婴幼儿 + 体重　；参考：《山西医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:通过对太原市城区婴幼儿进行横断面的体格发育调查,了解这一地区婴幼儿群体目前的体格发育状况和营养状况,并为该市进一步促进和完善婴幼儿营养及保健工作提供参考依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样法在太原市六大城区各抽取1~2所儿童保健站,选择其系统管理的0~3岁儿童进行横断面的调查,根据纳入排除标准筛选后纳入本次调查的共有8361例儿童。收集每位儿童最近一次来儿童保健部门进行定期体检时的月龄、性别及测量的体重和身长(身高)指标值,建立数据库,统计不同城区不同年龄组不同性别儿童的体格指标值,通过与国家标准和WHO儿童生长发育标准比较,进而了解太原市城区婴幼儿的体格发育水平和体格发育的等级分布情况;以WHO标准为参考采用Z评分法评价太原市城区婴幼儿的营养健康状况,评价指标包括低体重率、生长迟缓率、消瘦率、超重与肥胖率。结果:1.本次调查的有效人数为8361例,男4333例,女4028例,男女比例1.07:1。2.各年龄组男童平均体重、平均身长均大于同年龄组女童水平,各组性别差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。3.各年龄组男童平均体重、平均身长均高于国家标准,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),体重平均超出0.40kg,身长平均超1.1cm;各年龄组女童平均体重、平均身长亦均高于国家标准,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),体重平均超出0.38kg,身长平均超1.2cm。4.儿童体格发育等级分布情况:体重处于下等、中下等、中-、中+、中上等、上等所占的百分比依次为0.79%、7.76%、64.85%、64.85%、19.00%、7.59%,身长所占百分比依次为:0.76%、4.60%、65.48%、22.25%、6.90%。5.各年龄组男童、女童平均体重、平均身长均超过同年龄同性别WHO儿童生长标准。6.总的低体重率、生长迟缓率、消瘦率、超重率、肥胖率分别为0.18%、0.50%、1.57%、3.92%、0.97%。男童超重率和肥胖率高于女童(P0.05),其余指标性别差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:1.太原市城区婴幼儿体格发育水平略高于国家标准(2009年版),明显超过WHO标准(2006年版),整体体格发育水平偏中上,应用国家标准或WHO标准对该地区婴幼儿进行生长发育评估或生长监测时可能会有偏差,可能会过高地估计个体儿童的发育状态。2.太原市城区婴幼儿营养不良发生率低,超重与肥胖问题尚不严重,营养状况相对较好,相对来说,.该地区儿童目前主要的营养问题是超重和肥胖,提示我们在今后的婴幼儿营养及保健工作中,不仅要重视营养促进,更应对婴幼儿超重和肥胖问题给予足够的关注。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the physical development and nutritional status of infants and young children in Taiyuan city. It also provides reference for the further promotion and improvement of infant nutrition and health care in the city. Methods: the random cluster sampling method was used to select 1 or 2 children health stations in each of the six major urban areas of Taiyuan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the children aged 0 to 3 years old who were systematically managed in Taiyuan. 8361 children were selected according to the exclusion criteria to be included in the survey. To collect the monthly age, gender, weight and body length (height) index values of each child at the time of the last regular physical examination in the child health care department, and to establish a database to calculate the physical index values of children of different age groups and different genders in different urban areas, By comparing with the national standards and WHO standards, the physical development level and grade distribution of infants and infants in Taiyuan city were studied. The nutrition and health status of infants in Taiyuan city was evaluated by Z score method with reference to WHO standard. The evaluation indexes included low body weight rate, growth retardation rate, wasting rate, overweight and obesity rate. The result is 1: 1. The effective number was 8361, with 4333 males and 4028 females, with a ratio of 1. 07 to 1. 2. The average body weight and average body length of boys in each age group were higher than those of girls of the same age group. The average body weight and average body length of boys in all age groups were higher than that of the national standard, the differences were statistically significant, the average body weight exceeded 0.40 kg, the average body length exceeded 1.1 cm, and the average body weight and average length of girls in all age groups were also higher than the national standard. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The average body weight exceeded 0.38 kg, and the average body length exceeded 1.2 cm. 4. The distribution of children's physical development grade: the percentage of body weight in the lower, middle, upper and upper class was 0.79 and 7.766.85 respectively, and the percentage was 64.85 and 19.00 and 7.59.The percentage of body length was 0.766.604.606.906.90.5. The average body weight and average body length of boys and girls in all age groups were higher than that of WHO children of the same age and gender. The total low body weight rate, growth retardation rate, weight loss rate, overweight rate and obesity rate were 0.18 and 0.50 respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys was higher than that in girls (P 0.05). Conclusion 1. The physical development level of infants in Taiyuan City is slightly higher than that of the national standard (2009 edition), which obviously exceeds the WHO standard (2006 edition), and the overall physical development level is higher than that of the national standard. The application of national standard or WHO standard to the growth and development evaluation or growth monitoring of infants in this area may have a deviation and may overestimate the developmental status of individual children. The incidence of infant malnutrition is low, the problem of overweight and obesity is not serious, and the nutritional status is relatively good. The main nutritional problems of children in this area are overweight and obesity, which suggests that we should not only pay attention to nutrition promotion in future infant nutrition and health care, but also pay enough attention to overweight and obesity of infants and young children.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R174

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