儿童噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞增生症的预后相关因素的COX回归分析
发布时间:2018-05-22 19:20
本文选题:噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞增生症 + 儿童 ; 参考:《重庆医科大学》2013年硕士论文
【摘要】:目的:噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞增生症(hemophagocyticlyphohistiocytosis,HLH),是一种免疫紊乱导致的以发热、肝脾大、各类血细胞减低、高甘油三脂血症或低纤维蛋白原血症等为主要表现的多器官功能障碍,其特点是在骨髓、淋巴结或其他组织中可发现明显的噬血现象,因而又称噬血细胞综合征(hemophagocytic syndrome,HPS)。HLH大多发生在儿童,分为家族遗传性和非家族遗传性,也被称作原发性和继发性,在这两种形式,尽管化疗和或免疫治疗常常能获得缓解,但其死亡率仍相当高,原发性噬血仍需要干细胞移植来获得永久缓解,而继发性噬血可不通过移植得到缓解,大部分的死亡产生于未开始治疗前。目前关于影响HLH预后的相关因素没有较为统一的认识。本文通过COX比例风险模型,收集HLH患儿的可能与预后相关的因素进行单因素及多因素分析,探讨预后相关的危险因素,了解长期生存可能性,为临床早期判断HLH患儿预后提供临床依据。 方法:收集2008年1月至2012年12月期间于入住我院后确诊为噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞增生症的115例患儿的临床及实验室指标进行回顾性分析。所有病例诊断均符合2004年修订版HPS/HLH诊断标准。选择年龄、性别、入院前发热天数、病程中是否出现消化道出血(包括呕血、血便或黑便,但除外大量鼻衄)、脾脏肿大、入院时的中性粒细胞计数、血小板计数、血红蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、初诊血清白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、部分凝血活酶时间、纤维蛋白原、铁蛋白、甘油三酯及NK细胞比值和治疗中是否用激素、使用激素后体温是否下降、是否使用环孢素A(cyclosporineA,CsA)、是否使用足叶乙甙(etoposide,VP16)等。所有患儿自入院之日起纳入观察病例,记录相关数据,并对患儿的结局(死亡)进行随访。采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析,生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法。选用COX回归分析方法对选取的研究因素进行单因素和多因素分析,进入及剔除标准为0.05,计算相对危险度(relative risk,RR)。 结果: 1本研究中115例HLH患儿中有24例预后不良,其发生率为20.87%。发病年龄从6月~15岁不等,平均发病年龄4.6岁。24例预后不良的患儿中男性患儿9例,女性15例,男女比例1:1.67,均于确诊后2月内死亡,最短7天。 2单因素COX分析结果表明:协变量X4(消化道出血,p=0.00,RR=0.234)、协变量X12(初诊时部分凝血活酶时间60s,p=0.00,RR=5.243)、协变量X13(血浆纤维蛋白原0.5g/L,p=0.00,RR=0.252)、 X18(使用激素后体温是否下降,p=0.006,RR=0.129)与预后密切相关,有统计学意义(p0.05);年龄、性别、入院前发热天数、脾脏肿大(≥4cm)、入院时的中性粒细胞计数、血小板计数、血红蛋白含量、谷丙转氨酶升高(≥3倍正常值)、乳酸脱氢酶升高、铁蛋白升高、甘油三酯升高、血清白蛋白降低及NK细胞比值减少,以及治疗中是否使用激素、是否使用CsA、是否使用VP16等均无统计学意义(p0.05),提示与预后无关。 3COX模型逐步剔除相关因素后,以p0.05为差异有统计学意义,筛选出有显著意义的预后因素: X4(消化道出血,p=0.005,RR=3.276,95%CI=1.443-7.440)和X11(初诊时部分凝血活酶时间60s,p=0.000,RR=5.803,95%CI=2.448-13.757),且两者均为相对独立的危险因素(B0, RR1)。 结论: 1本研究中HLH患儿预后不良发生率20.87%,男女比例1:1.67,女性多于男性,男性预后不良发生率为16.98%,女性预后不良发生率为24.19%。 2在病程合并消化道出血是预后不良的独立危险因素之一,合并消化道出血的患儿预后不良的风险为病程中无明显消化道出血患儿的3.276倍,这为早期判断预后及病程中治疗观察提供依据。 3HLH患儿在初诊时APTT60s死亡风险为APTT60s患儿的5.803倍。凝血功能障碍患儿是独立增加预后不良风险的因素之一,尽早纠正凝血功能障碍,减少脏器出血风险对改善预后有一定积极作用。 4单因素分析显示使用激素后体温是否下降可能于与预后不良发生密切关系,但多因素分析结果显示无统计学意义。在治疗中使用激素的病例模型中,1周内体温稳定者预后较好(p=0.034,RR=4.781,95%CI=1.124-20.343)。 5单因素分析显示初诊时FIB0.5g/L可能与预后有密切关系,,但多因素分析并无统计学意义,与临床工作总结不一致,故其相关性有待进一步研究。 6HLH患儿初诊时是否存在高乳酸血症、低蛋白血症、谷丙转氨酶水平升高(≥3倍正常值)、高铁蛋白血症、高甘油三酯、NK细胞比值、及治疗中是否使用激素、是否使用CsA、是否使用VP16对于生存时间无显著影响。
[Abstract]:Objective: hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hemophagocyticlyphohistiocytosis, HLH) is an immune disorder caused by fever, liver and spleen, all kinds of hemocytosis, hyperglycerin three or hypoplasminemia, which are characterized by multiple organ dysfunction, characterized by bone marrow, lymph nodes, or other tissues. Hemophagocytic syndrome, HPS (HPS).HLH, also known as the family hereditary and non familial heredity, is also known as primary and secondary. In these two forms, although chemotherapy and immunotherapy are often remitted, the mortality rate is still high. Stem cell transplantation still requires stem cell transplantation for permanent remission, and secondary hemophagy can not be remission through transplantation, most of the deaths occur before untreated treatment. There is no more unified understanding of the related factors affecting the prognosis of HLH. This paper, through a COX proportional risk model, collects the possibility of the prognosis of children with HLH The factors were analyzed by single factor and multi factor analysis, the risk factors related to prognosis were discussed, and the long-term survival possibility was understood, which provided clinical evidence for the prognosis of HLH children in early clinical.
Methods: the clinical and laboratory indexes of 115 children diagnosed as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. All the cases were in accordance with the revised HPS/HLH diagnostic criteria of 2004. Age, sex, the number of days before admission and the course of the disease. Hemorrhage of digestive tract (including hematemesis, stool or stool, except a large number of epistaxis), splenomegaly, neutrophils count, platelet count, hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase, first diagnosis of serum albumin, alanine aminotransferase, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, ferritin, triglyceride and NK cells ratio and treatment are Whether or not the body temperature of the hormone, the use of hormones, the use of cyclosporin A (cyclosporineA, CsA), the use of etoposide (etoposide, VP16), etc. all children were included in the observation cases from the date of admission, recorded the relevant data, and followed up the outcome (death) of the children. Statistical analysis and survival analysis were carried out by SPSS17.0 software. The Kaplan-Meier method was used. Single factor and multi factor analysis were used to select the selected research factors with COX regression analysis. The entry and elimination standard was 0.05, and the relative risk degree (relative risk, RR) was calculated.
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