青岛市区0～14岁儿童哮喘危险因素分析及防治对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 20:58

本文选题：哮喘 + 儿童　；参考：《青岛大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的调查青岛市区0-14岁儿童哮喘的流行现状、患病特点,探讨儿童哮喘的主要影响因素,为制定儿童哮喘的防治策略提供科学依据,以降低儿童哮喘的发病率,提高哮喘儿童的生活质量。方法采取整群抽样调查方法,随机抽取青岛市崂山区为调查城区,以学校、幼儿园、街道办事处为群,对青岛市崂山区10800名0-14岁儿童进行流行病学调查。应用病例对照研究方法,以筛查出的372例哮喘患儿和相同数量的对照儿童为研究对象,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析方法研究儿童哮喘的影响因素。结果本次共调查10800名0-14岁儿童,其中实查10082例,实查率为91.7%,筛查出儿童哮喘(包括婴幼儿哮喘)315例,咳嗽变异性哮喘38例,可疑哮喘19例。患病率为3.69%,男性患病率为4.60%,女性为2.74%,男性患病率明显高于女性(χ2=24.53,P0.01)。哮喘发作季节主要为秋冬季及季节更替时。早期得到正确诊断及坚持应用吸入治疗者比例较低。经单因素Logistic回归分析共有17个因素有显著性意义,包括早产、剖宫产、母乳喂养等。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,13个因素进入主效应模型。其中早产、剖宫产、居室有霉斑等12个因素为危险因素,生后6个月纯母乳喂养为保护因素。结论青岛市崂山区0-14岁儿童哮喘的患病率较10年前明显升高。参照全球哮喘防治创议方案,目前在哮喘的规范化诊断和治疗上仍存在一定的差距。儿童哮喘发作与诸多因素有关,包括儿童的特应性体质、遗传因素及其生活模式的改变等。因此,积极控制及纠正儿童哮喘的相关危险因素,提倡婴儿期纯母乳喂养,对预防和控制儿童哮喘意义重大。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemic situation of asthma in 0-14 years old children in Qingdao City, the characteristics of the disease and the main influencing factors of children's asthma, in order to provide scientific basis for formulating the strategy of prevention and control of asthma in children, in order to reduce the incidence of asthma in children and improve the quality of life of children with asthma. Methods sampling and sampling the whole group of children were taken to randomly select Laoshan of Qingdao city. An epidemiological survey of 10800 0-14 year old children in Laoshan District, Qingdao, was conducted to investigate the urban area. 10800 children aged 0-14 years of age were investigated by the method of case-control study. A single factor and multiple factor Logistic regression analysis method was used for the study of 372 children with asthma and the same number of control children. A total of 10800 children with 0-14 years of age were investigated. Among them, 10082 cases were examined and the actual rate was 91.7%. 315 cases of childhood asthma (including infant asthma), 38 cough variant asthma and 19 suspected asthma. The prevalence rate was 3.69%, the male prevalence rate was 4.60%, the female was 2.74%, and the male prevalence rate was significantly higher than the female (x). 2=24.53, P0.01). The asthma attack season is mainly in autumn and winter and season. The proportion of early correct diagnosis and adherence to inhalation therapy is low. A total of 17 factors are significant, including preterm birth, cesarean section, breastfeeding, etc. by single factor Logistic regression analysis. Multiple factor Logistic regression analysis shows that 13 factors have entered. 12 factors such as premature delivery, cesarean section, and mildew in the living room were 12 risk factors, and pure breastfeeding was a protective factor for 6 months after birth. Conclusion the prevalence rate of asthma in 0-14 year old children in Laoshan District of Qingdao was significantly higher than that of 10 years ago. A certain gap. Children's asthma attacks are related to many factors, including children's atopic constitution, genetic factors and their lifestyle changes. Therefore, it is of great significance to actively control and correct the related risk factors of childhood asthma and to promote pure breastfeeding in infancy for the prevention and control of children's asthma.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R725.6

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