新生儿重症监护室早产儿医院感染的研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 09:08

  本文选题：医院感染 + 早产儿　； 参考：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年16期

【摘要】：目的探讨新生儿重症监护室早产儿医院感染的发生情况及其危险因素,为医院感染的预防控制提供依据。方法选取2014年1月-2015年12月医院新生儿重症监护室收治的438例早产儿作为临床研究对象,并对其临床资料予以回顾性分析。结果新生儿重症监护室438例早产儿中发生医院感染49例,感染率为11.19%;新生儿重症监护室早产儿医院感染基础疾病以新生儿肺炎和呼吸窘迫综合征为主,分别占44.90%和36.73%;新生儿重症监护室早产儿医院感染部位以呼吸道和皮肤为主,分别占40.82%和22.45%;感染患儿共检出病原菌46株,其中革兰阴性菌24株占52.17%,革兰阳性菌16株,占34.78%,真菌6株占13.04%;胎龄≤32周、出生体质量≤1 500g、机械通气72h、胃肠外营养7d、留置胃管、应用抗菌药物、喂养不耐受、住院天数14d是新生儿重症监护室早产儿发生医院感染的危险因素(P0.05),经logistic多因素回归分析,机械通气72h、出生体质量≤1 500g、胎龄32周、胃肠外营养是早产儿发生医院感染的独立危险因素。结论导致新生儿重症监护室早产儿发生医院感染的危险因素相对较多,发生医院感染的患儿其基础疾病以新生儿肺炎和呼吸窘迫综合征为主,肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为引起医院感染的主要致病菌,加强对早产儿医院感染管理,合理化应用抗菌药物,对于降低早产儿医院感染具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the incidence and risk factors of nosocomial infection of premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and to provide evidence for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods 438 premature infants from January 2014 to December 2015 in neonatal intensive care unit of hospital were selected as clinical study objects and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Results Nosocomial infection occurred in 49 cases of 438 premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the infection rate was 11.19%, the basic diseases of nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were mainly neonatal pneumonia and respiratory distress syndrome. The nosocomial infection sites of neonatal intensive care unit premature infants were mainly respiratory tract and skin, accounting for 40.82% and 22.45% respectively, and 46 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which 24 strains were Gram-negative bacteria and 16 strains were Gram-positive bacteria. At gestational age 鈮，

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