儿童饮食行为习惯与肥胖关系的横断面调查——基于上海市闵行区学龄儿童健康的队列研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 15:02

【摘要】：目的采用横断面调查分析儿童饮食行为习惯与肥胖的关联,为儿童肥胖的预防与干预策略设计提供科学依据。方法以2014学年上海市闵行区参加体检的公办学校一年级小学生作为研究对象,调查问卷由研究对象的父母或监护人填写,获取研究对象的一般人口学特征、饮食行为习惯、饮食偏好和运动睡眠等日常行为习惯的信息。对调查结果进行非条件Logistic回归分析,计算优势比(odds ratio,OR)和95%CI。结果共计5 752名儿童同时进行问卷调查与健康体检,纳入本研究。闵行区一年级学生的肥胖检出率为15.16%,其中男性为18.35%,女性为11.83%;超重检出率为14.31%,其中男性为15.15%,女性为13.43%。平日饮食以荤菜为主(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.32~1.91)、早餐食用频率低(OR=1.87,95%CI:1.01~3.46)、咖啡因食品摄入过多(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.09~2.51)、吃饭速度快(OR:3.32~14.95)等均显著增加了儿童肥胖的危险性;而平日饮食以素菜为主(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.35~0.74)和挑剔食物(OR:0.38~0.64)与较低的儿童肥胖有显著性统计关系。在饮食偏好方面,喜欢吃肉类(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.42~3.14)和腌熏类食物(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.05~1.92)是儿童肥胖的危险因素。结论不良的饮食行为习惯与儿童肥胖存在关联性。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the relationship between children's dietary behavior and obesity by cross-sectional investigation, and to provide scientific basis for the design of prevention and intervention strategies for childhood obesity. Methods the first grade primary school students in Minhang District of Shanghai took part in the physical examination in 2014 school year. The questionnaire was filled out by the parents or guardians of the subjects, and the general demographic characteristics and eating habits of the subjects were obtained. Information on daily behavior habits such as dietary preferences and exercise sleep. The non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95 Ci. Results A total of 5 752 children were enrolled in this study. The prevalence rate of obesity was 15.16 among the first grade students in Minhang District, in which the male was 18.35, the female was 11.83, the overweight rate was 14.31, among which the male was 15.15 and the female was 13.43. The main diet was meat food (OR1. 58% 95 CI: 1. 32 1. 91), low breakfast frequency (OR1. 87% 95 CI: 1. 01 1: 3. 46), excessive caffeine intake (OR1. 66% 95% CI 1. 09% 2. 51), fast eating rate (OR:3.32~14.95), and so on, all of which significantly increased the risk of childhood obesity. On the other hand, vegetarian diet was the main diet (Ori 0.51C 95 CI: 0.35C 0.74) and OR:0.38~0.64 was significantly associated with lower obesity in children. In terms of dietary preference, eating meat (OR 2.1195 CI: 1.42% 3.14) and pickled smoked foods (OR1.42 95 CI: 1.05C 1.92) were risk factors for childhood obesity. Conclusion there is a correlation between poor dietary behavior and childhood obesity.
【作者单位】：上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心;复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室;
【基金】：上海市闵行区卫生和计划生育委员会特色项目(2013MWTX02) 上海市公共卫生与预防医学Ⅰ类高峰学科建设计划~~
【分类号】：R723.14

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