2011—2015年住院患儿疾病谱及死因变化分析

发布时间：2018-07-29 05:49

【摘要】：目的分析住院患儿的疾病谱及死因,为儿童疾病的防治提供参考依据。方法选取江西省儿童医院2011—2015年住院患儿的病例资料,分析住院患儿例数及治疗转归情况、性别及年龄分布、疾病构成、住院死亡患儿性别及年龄分布、死因构成。结果 2011—2015年共收住院患儿359 627例,其中死亡676例,病死率为0.19%。2015年住院患儿人数较2011年增长19.85%。住院患儿病死率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ_(趋势)~2=11.374,P=0.001)。住院患儿中,男童244 857例(68.09%),女童114 770例(31.9l%),男女比例为2.13:1。各年份男童、女童均以婴儿多见。2011年和2012年居前3位的疾病均为弥漫性肺炎、手足口病、新生儿肺炎,2013年和2015年居前3位的疾病均为肺部感染、支气管肺炎、手足口病,2014年居前3位的疾病为肺部感染、手足口病、新生儿肺炎。死亡676例,男童病死率为0.17%(416/244 857),女童为0.23%(260/114 770),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.364,P0.001)。新生儿病死率为0.35%(125/35 872),婴儿为0.24%(262/109 012),幼儿为0.15%(146/100 301),学龄前期为0.11%(67/58 500),学龄期为0.14%(76/55 942),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=99.712,P0.001);其中婴儿、幼儿、学龄前期、学龄期病死率较新生儿降低,幼儿、学龄前期、学龄期病死率较婴儿降低(P0.004 5)。前3位死因为传染病和寄生虫病[19.97%(135/676)],起源于围生期疾病[13.46%(91/676)],先天性畸形、变形和染色体异常[12.72%(86/676)]。结论 2011—2015年住院患儿病死率呈逐年下降趋势,不同年龄段患儿病死率不同。呼吸系统疾病为住院患儿的主要病种;传染病和寄生虫病,起源于围生期疾病,先天性畸形、变形和染色体异常为主要死因。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the disease spectrum and cause of death of hospitalized children, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of children's diseases. Methods the data of hospitalized children in Jiangxi Children's Hospital from 2011 to 2015 were selected to analyze the number of hospitalized children, the outcome of treatment, the distribution of sex and age, the constitution of disease, the sex and age distribution of hospitalized children, and the composition of causes of death. Results A total of 359,627 hospitalized children were admitted in 2011-2015, of which 676 died. The fatality rate was 0.19%. The number of hospitalized children in 2015 was 19.85% higher than that in 2011. The fatality rate of hospitalized children showed a decreasing trend, and the difference was statistically significant (蠂 _ (trending) 11.374 P ~ (0.001). Of the hospitalized children, 244,857 boys (68.09%) and 114,770 girls (31.91%) had male to female ratio of 2.13: 1. In 2011 and 2012, the top 3 diseases were diffuse pneumonia, hand, foot and mouth disease, neonatal pneumonia, and the top 3 diseases in 2013 and 2015 were lung infection and bronchopneumonia. Hand, foot and mouth disease, the top 3 diseases in 2014 are lung infection, hand, foot and mouth disease, neonatal pneumonia. The mortality of 676 cases was 0.17% (416 / 244,857) in boys and 0.23% (260 / 114 / 770) in girls. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ (2) 13.364 (P 0.001). Neonatal mortality was 0.35% (125 / 35 872), infant was 0.24% (262 / 109,012), infant was 0.15% (146 / 100301), pre-school age was 0.11% (67 / 58,500), school age was 0.14% (7655,942), the difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ (299.712.12) P 0.001) among which infant, pre-school age, school age were lower than newborn, infant, pre-school age, preschool age, The mortality of school age was lower than that of infants (P 0.004 5). The three leading causes of death were infectious and parasitic diseases [19.97% (135 / 676)], perinatal diseases [13.46% (91 / 676)], congenital malformations, deformation and chromosome abnormalities [12.72% (86 / 676)]. Conclusion the mortality of hospitalized children decreased year by year from 2011 to 2015, and the mortality of different age groups was different. Respiratory diseases were the main diseases of hospitalized children, infectious diseases and parasitic diseases, which originated from perinatal diseases, congenital malformations, deformation and chromosomal abnormalities were the main causes of death.
【作者单位】：江西省儿童医院;
【分类号】：R725

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