深圳市宝安区2014—2015学年幼托儿童因病缺课情况分析

发布时间：2018-08-04 19:19

【摘要】：目的了解深圳市宝安区幼托儿童因病缺课主要病因和症状及其流行病学特征,为制定针对性疾病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法,抽取深圳市宝安区12所幼儿园5 173名托幼儿童进行因病缺课监测1学年,利用描述流行病学和分析流行病学的方法对监测资料进行统计分析。结果幼托儿童因病缺课9 516人次,缺课密度为183.96%;因病缺课20 317.5人天,缺课率为2.06%。男童因病缺课率为2.19%,女童为1.89%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=104.55,P0.05)。小班因病缺课率为3.50%,中班为1.74%,大班为1.34%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3 895.86,P0.05)。因病缺课高发月份为5,6和10月,因病缺课率分别为2.74%,2.45%,2.26%。因病缺课的主要病因为感冒,构成比为75.90%;主要症状为呼吸道症状和发热,构成比分别为41.39%,38.50%。结论呼吸道传染病是幼儿园疾病防控的重点,小班是重点关注人群,秋冬和春夏交季是关键时期。应尽快开展幼托儿童健康监测工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the main etiology, symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of children absent from school in Baoan District, Shenzhen, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of targeted diseases. Methods A total of 5 173 kindergarten children from 12 kindergartens in Baoan District of Shenzhen were selected by random sampling to monitor their absence from school for one school year. The monitoring data were analyzed by the methods of describing epidemiology and analyzing epidemiology. Results 9 516 children were absent from school because of illness, the absences density was 183.96, and the absence rate was 2.06 for 20 317.5 sick children. The rate of absent from school was 2.19 for boys and 1.89 for girls. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 2, 104.55, P0.05). The absence rate of small class was 3.50, middle class 1.74 and large class 1.34, the difference was statistically significant (蠂 2 / 3 895.86 P 0.05). The high incidence of illness absenteeism in June and October was 2.74 and 2.45 / 2.26 respectively. The main cause of absenteeism due to illness was cold, the constituent ratio was 75.90, and the main symptoms were respiratory symptoms and fever, which were 41.39 and 38.50 respectively. Conclusion Respiratory infectious disease is the focus of prevention and control in kindergarten, small class is the focus of attention, autumn and winter and spring and summer are the key periods. Child health monitoring should be carried out as soon as possible.
【作者单位】：广东省深圳市宝安区西乡预防保健所;深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：深圳市宝安区科技计划项目(2014322)
【分类号】：R725

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