周口市大学生膳食营养和相关知识行为调查

发布时间：2018-08-09 19:45

【摘要】：目的了解大学生膳食营养和相关知识掌握情况,引导大学生树立正确的膳食观念,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采用分层抽样方法,对周口市3所高校1 479名大学生通过称重记账和问卷调查等方法了解其营养知识和膳食状况。结果大学生营养不良、超重和肥胖比例分别为13.3%,13.5%,0.3%,性别差异有统计学意义(χ~2=39.33,P0.01);营养知识知晓率和平均得分分别为65.2%和(58.8±3.17)分,不同性别、来源和年级学生差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05);良好饮食习惯形成率为35.4%,不同年级学生差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.75,P0.01)。营养摄入失衡,铁、锌、维生素A和维生素B2摄入量不足或缺乏。早餐供能比例低(19.8%),零食供能比例高(7.8%)。食物选择不当,依据主要注重口味(82.1%)和感官性状(80.2%)。结论高校学生营养状况堪忧,营养知识匮乏,膳食结构不合理,饮食行为不良,营养失衡突出。学校应加强营养教育和指导,强化食堂管理,改善学生营养状况,提高其身体素质。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the status of dietary nutrition and related knowledge of college students, to guide college students to establish correct dietary concept, and to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to investigate the nutritional knowledge and dietary status of 1 479 college students from 3 universities in Zhoukou City by means of weight-keeping and questionnaire survey. Results the rates of malnutrition, overweight and obesity in college students were 13.3% and 13.50.33, respectively. There was significant difference in sex (蠂 2 / 39.3P 0.01), the awareness rate and average score of nutritional knowledge were 65.2% and (58.8 卤3.17), respectively. There were significant differences in the origin and grade (P all 0.05), and the rate of forming good eating habits was 35.4m, and the differences among different grades were statistically significant (蠂 ~ (2 +) 17.75 ~ (5) P 0.01). Inadequate or deficient intake of iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin B2. The proportion of energy supply for breakfast was low (19.8%), and the proportion of energy for snacks was high (7.8%). Improper food selection was mainly based on taste (82.1%) and sensory traits (80.2%). Conclusion the nutritional status of college students is poor, the nutrition knowledge is deficient, the diet structure is unreasonable, the diet behavior is bad, and the nutrition imbalance is prominent. Schools should strengthen nutrition education and guidance, strengthen canteen management, improve the nutritional status of students and improve their physical quality.
【作者单位】：周口职业技术学院医学院;
【基金】：河南省医学教育研究项目(WJL2016194)
【分类号】：R153.2

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