孤独症谱系障碍儿童智力发育与表情识别能力的关系

发布时间：2018-12-11 15:41

【摘要】：目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的智力发育特点、表情识别能力及两者之间的关系。方法招募6~16岁的ASD儿童(ASD组,总智商均大于70)和年龄、性别匹配的正常发育儿童(对照组)各27例,使用韦氏儿童智力量表(第四版)和中国人物静态面部表情图片对两组儿童进行智力评估和表情识别测试。结果 ASD组总智商、言语理解、知觉推理、加工速度以及工作记忆指数得分均低于对照组(P0.05)。ASD组儿童的表情识别总正确率及高兴、生气、伤心、害怕表情识别的正确率均低于对照组儿童(P0.05)。ASD组表情识别总正确率、高兴及害怕表情识别的正确率与知觉推理呈正相关(r分别为0.415、0.455、0.393,P0.05),生气表情识别的正确率与工作记忆指数呈正相关(r=0.397,P0.05)。结论 ASD儿童在智力发育的多个领域落后于正常儿童,其表情识别能力受损。患儿智力中的知觉推理能力和工作记忆能力与表情识别能力存在正相关关系,推测知觉推理和工作记忆能力不足可能是影响ASD儿童表情认知的重要因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the characteristics of intelligence development, facial expression recognition and their relationship in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods ASD children aged 6 to 16 years old (ASD group, total IQ > 70) and age matched normal development children (control group, 27 cases each) were recruited. Wechsler Children's Intelligence scale (fourth edition) and Chinese characters' static facial expression images were used to evaluate the intelligence of the two groups of children and to test their facial expression recognition. Results the scores of total IQ, speech comprehension, perceptual reasoning, processing speed and working memory index in ASD group were lower than those in control group (P0.05). The correct rate of fear expression recognition was lower than that of the control group (P0.05). The positive correlation was found between the correct rate of emotion recognition and perceptual reasoning in). ASD group (r = 0.415 卤0.455, P 0.05), and the positive correlation between the correct rate of expression recognition and perceptual reasoning (r = 0.415 卤0.455, P < 0.05). The correct rate of angry expression recognition was positively correlated with the working memory index (r = 0.397P 0.05). Conclusion ASD children lag behind normal children in many fields of intellectual development, and their facial expression recognition ability is impaired. There is a positive correlation between perceptual reasoning ability and working memory ability and facial expression recognition ability in children with ASD. It is speculated that the deficiency of perceptual reasoning and working memory ability may be an important factor affecting the facial expression cognition of children with ASD.
【作者单位】：中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系/中山大学公共卫生学院儿童青少年心理行为发育研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81171293)
【分类号】：R749.94

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