西安市全科医生关于儿童普通感冒的知识态度及其影响因素

发布时间：2019-01-23 19:28

【摘要】：目的调查西安市社区儿童普通感冒的诊疗预防服务情况,同时对社区全科医生关于该疾病诊疗的知识态度进行了解,并分析诊疗现状、全科医生的认知和态度水平及其相关影响因素,从而进一步研究社区儿童普通感冒诊疗不规范的原因,探讨相应的解决方案。方法采用的是横断面调查研究方法。对西安市城6区61家社区卫生服务中心的118名全科医生进行关于儿童普通感冒的诊疗预防情况调查。社区全科医生关于儿童普通感冒的诊疗预防情况调查表主要包含三部分内容:一般情况、目前提供的诊疗预防服务的情况、关于儿童普通感冒的知识与态度。使用spss进行相关统计分析,计数资料使用x2检验,多因素分析采用Logistic回归分析。结果1.全科医生提供的诊疗预防服务情况:(1)62.7%的全科医生治疗理念正确;(2)46.6%的全科医生会常规使用抗病毒药物,21.2%的会使用地塞米松作为退热剂;(3)仅有14.4%的全科医生会满足患儿家属抗菌药物处方的要求,90.7%的医生选择有时或经常进行无需抗菌药物的宣教,但只有57.6%的医生肯定了其宣教的有效性;(4)68.6%的全科医生经常向患儿家属宣教有关的预防知识。2.全科医生关于儿童普通感冒的知晓情况评价:47.5%(56人)知识掌握较差,52.5%(62人)知识掌握较好,总体知识掌握水平较低;比较不同特征的全科医生的知识掌握情况,差异无明显统计学意义;3.不同特征的全科医生儿童普通感冒知识比较:不同临床工作年限的全科医生对普通感冒的认知差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同临床工作年限、不同职称以及不同收入水平的全科医生在首选治疗方案的选择上有明显差异(P0.05)。4.全科医生关于儿童普通感冒的态度信念评价:23.7%(28人)态度消极,76.3%(90人)态度积极;不同学历、不同收入水平的全科医生对普通感冒诊疗的态度信念差异有统计学意义(P0.05),更高学历、更高收入的全科医生态度更积极。5.全科医生关于儿童普通感冒知识与态度的影响因素:多因素Logistic回归分析显示,学历为诊疗态度的影响因素,学历偏低者态度相对消极。结论全科医生关于儿童普通感冒的诊疗服务仍需规范,关于儿童普通感冒的认知水平仍需提高,态度信念较积极;应当开展更多形式的诊疗知识的宣教和培训,重视全科医生的继续教育,发挥和利用其积极性,提高社区儿童普通感冒的诊疗预防服务质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the diagnosis and treatment of common cold in community children in Xi'an, and to understand the knowledge and attitude of community general practitioners on the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, and to analyze the current situation of diagnosis and treatment. The cognition and attitude level of general practitioners and their related influencing factors were studied to further study the causes of non-standard diagnosis and treatment of common cold in community children and to explore the corresponding solutions. Methods A cross-sectional investigation method was used. 118 general practitioners in 61 community health service centers in 6 districts of Xi'an were investigated on the diagnosis and treatment of common cold in children. The questionnaire of community general practitioners on the diagnosis and treatment of common cold in children mainly includes three parts: general situation, current situation of diagnosis and treatment prevention service, knowledge and attitude about common cold in children. Spss was used for statistical analysis, x 2 test was used for counting data, and Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Result 1. (1) 62.7% of the general practitioners had the correct treatment idea, (2) 46.6% of the general practitioners would routinely use antiviral drugs, 21.2% would use dexamethasone as antipyretic, and (2) 46.6% of the general practitioners would use dexamethasone as antipyretic. (3) only 14.4% of the general practitioners will meet the requirement of prescribing antimicrobial drugs in the family of children, and 90.7% of the doctors choose to give education without antimicrobial drugs sometimes or often. But only 57.6% of doctors confirmed the effectiveness of their propaganda. (4) 68.6% of the general practitioners often spread the preventive knowledge to the families of the children. 2. The general practitioners' knowledge of common cold in children: 47.5% (56) were poor, 52.5% (62) had better knowledge, and the overall level of knowledge was low. Compared with the different characteristics of the general practitioners' knowledge, the difference was not statistically significant; 3. Comparison of common cold knowledge among general practitioners with different characteristics: there was significant difference in cognition of common cold among general practitioners with different clinical working years (P0.05); Different clinical working years, different titles and different income levels of general practitioners in the first choice of treatment options were significantly different (P0.05). The attitudes and beliefs of general practitioners on common cold in children were evaluated as follows: 23.7% (28) had negative attitude, and 76.3% (90) had positive attitude. Different educational background, different income level of general practitioners' attitude to common cold diagnosis and treatment belief difference was statistically significant (P0.05), higher education, higher income general practitioners attitude more active. 5. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that education was the influencing factor of diagnosis and treatment attitude, and the attitude of those with low education was relatively negative. Conclusion the general practitioner's diagnosis and treatment of common cold in children still need to be standardized, the cognitive level of common cold in children should be improved, and the attitude and belief should be positive. We should carry out more forms of education and training of diagnosis and treatment, attach importance to the continuing education of general practitioners, give full play to their enthusiasm, and improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment of common cold in community children.
【学位授予单位】：西安医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R725.1

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