2010-2011年兰州地区婴幼儿病毒性腹泻流行病学研究
发布时间:2019-03-26 17:22
【摘要】:目的:A组轮状病毒、杯状病毒、星状病毒和腺病毒是引起婴幼儿腹泻的常见病毒病原。本研究旨在了解2010-2011年度兰州地区婴幼儿急性腹泻中这四种病毒的流行现状,为小儿病毒性腹泻的防治提供参考。 方法:收集2010年7月至2011年6月就诊于兰州大学第一医院儿科的5岁以下急性腹泻患儿粪便标本295份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测A组轮状病毒,阳性标本采用巢式PCR进行G、P分型;同时采用RT-PCR或PCR检测杯状病毒、星状病毒及腺病毒,阳性标本进行基因测序,腺病毒阳性标本进一步采用巢式PCR及多重PCR进行Hexon及Fiber分型。 结果:1、2010年7月至2011年6月,兰州地区的295份腹泻患儿粪便标本中,病毒的总检出率是61.4%,其中居于首位的是A组轮状病毒,占44.7%(132/295),其次为杯状病毒(13.2%,39/295)、腺病毒(5.1%,15/295)及人星状病毒(4.7%,14/295)。分型结果显示:轮状病毒G血清型中以G1(36.4%),其次是G9(31.1%),P基因型中以P[8](74.2%),其次是P[4](6.8%),二者组合以G1P[8]为主(29.5%);杯状病毒中69.2%为诺如病毒,其余是札如病毒,诺如病毒以GⅡ-3(13例)为主,其次为GⅡ-4(12例);腺病毒以F组的41型(10/15)为主,同时还检测到1例A组的31型,2例B组的3型及C组的5型和6型各一例;人星状病毒以血清型1型为主,占64.3%(9/14),其余为4型。 2、本研究病毒的混合感染率为1O.5%(19/181),均为两种病毒的混合感染,其中轮状病毒和GⅡ型诺如病毒、札如病毒、人星状病毒、腺病毒的混合感染例数分别是3例、3例、5例、5例,GⅡ型诺如病毒和腺病毒混合感染1例,札如病毒和腺病毒混合感染2例;在流行季节方面,轮状病毒主要以冬春季节为主,而杯状病毒、腺病毒和星状病毒的流行高峰分别是冬季、春夏季和春季;在年龄分布上,四种病毒均主要在2岁以下儿童中检出。 结论:本次研究显示病毒性病原在婴幼儿腹泻中占重要地位,轮状病毒居首位,G9型轮状病毒及GⅡ-3型诺如病毒的检出率较过去增高,其潜在的公共卫生影响需要予以监测和关注。 第二部分:人新型星状病毒的流行病学研究 目的:最近在腹泻或正常儿童粪便标本中发现了几种新型星状病毒,随后在发热患儿的血清中被检出,被认为可能与腹泻及呼吸道感染相关。我国缺乏相关的研究,其在中国的流行情况尚属未知。本研究的目的即探讨这些新型星状病毒在我国兰州及南京地区的流行情况及其临床疾病特点。 方法:收集2010年7月至2011年6月期间就诊于兰州大学第一医院儿科及南京儿童医院消化科的5岁以下急性腹泻患儿粪便标本723份,利用一步法RT-PCR方法,采用针对人星状病毒ORF1b区的通用引物SF0073/SF0076进行检测,阳性标本采用针对ORF2区的特异性引物进行分型。对阳性标本进行基因测序,利用DNAstar和MEGA4.0软件进行序列分析,使用SPSS17.0进行统计学分析。 结果:2010年7月至2011年6月,兰州地区及南京地区的723份腹泻粪便标本中,新型星状病毒的检出率为1.5%(11/723),其中兰州地区的检出率为2.4%(7/295),南京地区的检出率为0.9%(4/428),两地检出率之间差异无统计学意义(X2=1.547,P=0.214)。分型结果显示:其中7例AstV-MLB1,2例AstV-MLB2及2例HMOAstV-A,未检出HMOAstV-B、C及HAstV-VA1-3,3例AstV-MLB1与轮状病毒混合感染,未发现与杯状病毒和腺病毒混合感染的病例。在腹泻发生的年龄分布、腹泻持续的天数、腹泻频率及发热和呕吐的发生率方面,新型星状病毒与经典的星状病毒之间无统计学意义(P值均大于0.05)。 结论:本研究结果显示新型星状病毒在我国兰州和南京地区腹泻患儿中存在,可能是婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的病原之一,需要进一步的研究。
[Abstract]:Objective: A group of rotavirus, cup-shaped virus, star-like virus and adenovirus are the most common viral pathogens causing infantile diarrhea. The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence of these four viruses in infant acute diarrhea in Lanzhou,2010-2011, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of children's viral diarrhea. Methods: A total of 295 stool specimens from children under 5 years of age from July 2010 to June 2011 were collected from the first hospital in Lanzhou University, and the group A rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive samples were sequenced by RT-PCR or PCR, then nested PCR and multiplex PCR were used to carry out the Hexon and Fiber separation. Results: From July 2010 to June 2011, the total detection rate of the virus was 61.4% in the stool samples of 295 children with diarrhea in Lanzhou area. The first one was group A rotavirus, 44.7% (132/295), followed by cup (13.2%,39/295) and adenovirus (5 .1%,15/295) and human astrovirus (4.7%,14/2 The results showed that in the serotype G, G1 (36.4%), followed by G9 (31.1%), P[8] (74.2%), followed by P[4] (6.8%), with the combination of G1P[8] as the main (29.5%), and 69.2% in the cup. For example, the other viruses, such as viruses, Norovirus, G 鈪,
本文编号:2447760
[Abstract]:Objective: A group of rotavirus, cup-shaped virus, star-like virus and adenovirus are the most common viral pathogens causing infantile diarrhea. The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence of these four viruses in infant acute diarrhea in Lanzhou,2010-2011, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of children's viral diarrhea. Methods: A total of 295 stool specimens from children under 5 years of age from July 2010 to June 2011 were collected from the first hospital in Lanzhou University, and the group A rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive samples were sequenced by RT-PCR or PCR, then nested PCR and multiplex PCR were used to carry out the Hexon and Fiber separation. Results: From July 2010 to June 2011, the total detection rate of the virus was 61.4% in the stool samples of 295 children with diarrhea in Lanzhou area. The first one was group A rotavirus, 44.7% (132/295), followed by cup (13.2%,39/295) and adenovirus (5 .1%,15/295) and human astrovirus (4.7%,14/2 The results showed that in the serotype G, G1 (36.4%), followed by G9 (31.1%), P[8] (74.2%), followed by P[4] (6.8%), with the combination of G1P[8] as the main (29.5%), and 69.2% in the cup. For example, the other viruses, such as viruses, Norovirus, G 鈪,
本文编号:2447760
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