基于MVPA方法的原发性月经痛患者白质异常研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 19:55

本文选题：原发性月经痛 + 弥散张量成像　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：原发性月经痛是一种子宫的经期痉挛引起的疼痛,广泛存在于生育年龄的女性的妇科疾病。流行病学研究表明40%到84.8%的处于青少年的女性有过原发性月经痛的经历,其中大约有15%的人曾经有过剧烈疼痛的感觉。原发性月经痛对女性的影响已经产生了巨大的社会经济损失。为了找到有效的治疗原发性月经痛的方法,需要对这种疾病的病理机制进行进一步研究。近年来,神经成像技术已经被广泛地应用于研究慢性痛患者的大脑结构和功能异常。目前,有很多有关慢性痛的研究都报道发现病人的大脑的功能、灰质、白质的变化。有的研究发现原发性月经痛患者的大脑功能和灰质的改变,但是月经痛患者的大脑白质到目前为止还没有人进行探究。原发性月经痛作为与慢性痛相似的疼痛类疾病,应该也会引起白质的改变。同时,弥散张量成像技术为我们提供了估测活体状态下白质的走向和连接度的可能。因此,本论文主要利用弥散张量成像技术研究月经痛患者的大脑白质结构的变化。首先,我们利用基于白质骨架的空间统计分析方法探究原发性月经痛患者白质与正常被试的白质的组间差异。结果发现,与正常人相比原发性月经痛患者病在许多白质区域上有较高的分数各向异性值以及较低的平均弥散率和径向弥散率,但是正常被试在白质区域没有显示出有较高的分数各向异性值或者较低的平均弥散率值和径向弥散率。另外,我们还发现有些白质区域病人的分数各向异性的升高伴随着平均弥散率和径向弥散率的降低。其次,我们使用多变量模式分析的方法对这些显著差异的区域和测量值进行筛选以得到对分析原发性月经痛的神经生理机制最有用的区域和测量值。我们将被试在各个测量值上显著差异的区域的对应的各个测量值的平均值提取出来。将这些提取得到的测量值的平均值作为特征量放入线性支持向量机中进行训练,并计算每个特征量的权值。训练完后用另外一组被试测试训练得到的支持向量机的性能。测试完后去除权值最低的特征量,然后在重复训练和测试的过程,直到满足终止条件为止。这样,我们得到测试结果最好的白质区域:放射冠、胼胝体、扣带、上纵束、丘脑,这些区域已经被其他研究证实与疼痛和感觉有关的。总之,这些研究结果表明原发性月经痛患者的白质有异常的变化,并且这些异常区域主要在疼痛感知的通路中。
[Abstract]:Primary menstrual pain is a pain caused by menstrual spasms of the uterus. It is a gynecological disease in women of reproductive age.Epidemiological studies show that between 40 percent and 84.8 percent of teenage women have experienced primary menstrual pain, and about 15 percent of them have experienced severe pain.The impact of primary menstrual pain on women has caused enormous socio-economic losses.In order to find an effective treatment for primary menstrual pain, the pathological mechanism of the disease needs to be further studied.In recent years, neuroimaging technology has been widely used to study the brain structure and function abnormalities in patients with chronic pain.Currently, many studies on chronic pain have reported changes in brain function, gray matter, and white matter in patients.Some studies have found changes in brain function and gray matter in patients with primary menstrual pain, but no one has yet explored the white matter of the brain in patients with menstrual pain.Primary menstrual pain, as a painful disease similar to chronic pain, should also cause changes in the white matter.At the same time, dispersion Zhang Liang imaging provides us with the possibility of estimating the direction and connectivity of white matter in vivo.Therefore, diffusion Zhang Liang imaging technique was used to study the changes of white matter structure in patients with menstrual pain.First, we used the spatial statistical analysis method based on white matter skeleton to explore the difference between white matter and normal subjects in patients with primary menstrual pain.The results showed that patients with primary menstrual pain had higher fractional anisotropy and lower mean and radial dispersion rates in many white matter areas than those in normal subjects.But normal subjects did not show higher fractional anisotropy or lower average dispersion rate and radial dispersion rate in the white matter region.In addition, we found that the increase of fractional anisotropy in some white matter areas was accompanied by a decrease in the average diffusion rate and radial dispersion rate.Secondly, we used multivariate model analysis to screen the regions and measurements of these significant differences to obtain the most useful areas and measurements for the analysis of the neurophysiological mechanisms of primary menstrual pain.We extracted the mean values of the corresponding measurements in the regions where the measured values were significantly different.The average value of these measured values is trained in the linear support vector machine (LSVM) as a feature, and the weights of each feature are calculated.After the training, another group of participants tested the performance of the trained support vector machine.After testing, the least weight feature is removed, and then the training and testing process is repeated until the termination condition is satisfied.Thus we obtained the best areas of white matter: corona callosum cingulate superior longitudinal tract thalamus which have been confirmed to be related to pain and sensation by other studies.All in all, these findings suggest abnormal changes in white matter in patients with primary menstrual pain, and these abnormal areas are mainly in pain perception pathways.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R445.2;R711.51

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