儿童关节滑膜增生病变的MRI影像表现

发布时间：2019-01-05 15:39

【摘要】：关节滑膜发生病变后将直接影响到关节结构,造成慢性关节功能失调,直至功能丧失。儿童关节滑膜病变包括潜在病理意义的正常结构、非感染性滑膜增生及感染性滑膜增生。有潜在病理意义的正常结构中,滑膜皱襞MRI影像表现为不同大小的T1/T2低信号带,伴或不伴关节积液;非感染性滑膜增生中,青少年特发性关节炎MRI影像表现为滑膜增生,滑膜增厚,中等量或大量关节积液;血友病关节病变MRI上可发现关节内血块、液平和软骨侵蚀;树枝状脂瘤MRI影像特征性表现为滑膜呈树叶状增生;滑膜骨软骨瘤病MRI表现取决于关节内骨软骨游离体钙化的程度;弥漫型色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(PVNS)MRI影像表现为关节滑膜弥漫增厚,局限型PVNS表现为结节样增厚;反应性滑膜炎的MRI表现因原发疾病不同而有所差别。熟悉儿童滑膜病变的MRI表现有助于早期确诊及指导治疗。
[Abstract]:Joint synovial lesions will directly affect the structure of the joint, resulting in chronic joint dysfunction, until the loss of function. Synovial lesions in children include underlying pathological significance of normal structure, non-infectious synovial hyperplasia and infectious synovial hyperplasia. In the normal structures with potential pathological significance, the synovial fold MRI images showed low signal T1/T2 bands of different sizes, with or without joint effusion. Among non-infectious synovial hyperplasia, the MRI images of juvenile idiopathic arthritis showed synovial hyperplasia, synovial thickening, moderate or massive joint effusion, intraarticular blood clot, fluid and cartilage erosion on MRI of hemophilia arthropathy. The MRI features of dendritic liposoma were characterized by leaflike proliferation of synovium and MRI findings of synovial osteochondroma depended on the degree of calcification of free body of articular osteochondral. Diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis showed diffuse thickening of synovium in (PVNS) MRI and nodular thickening in localized PVNS. The MRI manifestations of reactive synovitis varied with different primary diseases. Familiarity with MRI findings of synovial lesions in children is helpful for early diagnosis and treatment.
【作者单位】：天津市海河医院;
【分类号】：R726.8;R445.2

【共引文献】