老年患者发生吸入性肺炎的相关因素分析与对策

发布时间：2018-04-21 18:07

本文选题：吸入性肺炎 + 老年患者　；参考：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年05期

【摘要】：目的探讨老年患者发生吸入性肺炎的相关危险因素和干预措施,以期为预防与治疗老年患者吸入性肺炎的发生提供依据。方法收集2009年1月-2012年12月876例老年患者临床资料,分析吸入性肺炎发生情况,进行相关影响因素的调查,行logistic多因素分析危险因素,并根据相关危险因素采取有针对性的干预措施。结果 876例老年患者有11例发生吸入性肺炎,发生率为13.36%;共分离革兰阴性杆菌69株占58.98%,革兰阳性球菌37株占31.62%,真菌11株占9.40%;单因素χ2检验发现,吸入性肺炎与年龄、患有基础疾病、意识障碍、体位不当、胃食管反流、吞咽困难、反复吸痰、鼻饲饮食等因素相关;logistic多因素回归分析发现高龄(OR=4.716,P=0.026)、合并基础疾病(OR=5.368,P=0.032)、胃食管反流(OR=2.862,P=0.015)和意识障碍(OR=2.737,P=0.022)是吸入性肺炎发生的独立危险因素。结论吸入性肺炎发生与多种因素有关,应根据相应的情况,采取针对性的干预措施,密切监测高龄患者病情,加强对患者心理、饮食以及气道管理,预防吸入性肺炎的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the risk factors and intervention measures of inhaled pneumonia in elderly patients in order to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of inhaled pneumonia in elderly patients. Methods the clinical data of 876 elderly patients from January 2009 to December 2012 were collected, the incidence of aspiration pneumonia was analyzed, the related factors were investigated, and the risk factors were analyzed by logistic multivariate analysis. And according to the relevant risk factors to take targeted intervention measures. Results there were 11 cases of aspiration pneumonia in 876 elderly patients, the incidence rate was 13.366.69 strains of Gram-negative bacilli were isolated, 37 strains of Gram-positive cocci accounted for 31.62%, 11 strains of fungi accounted for 9.40.The single factor 蠂 2 test showed that inhaled pneumonia was associated with age. Suffering from basic diseases, disorders of consciousness, inappropriate posture, gastroesophageal reflux, dysphagia, repeated sputum aspiration, Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk factors of inhaled pneumonia were 4.716 (P < 0.026), 5.368 (P = 0.032), 2.862 (P = 0.015) and 2.737 (P ~ (0.022)), respectively, which were associated with basic diseases. The results showed that the risk factors of the disease were as follows: (1) the risk factors of inhaled pneumonia were 4.716 (P < 0.05), 5.368 (P = 0.032), 2.862 (P = 0.015) and 2.737 (P ~ (0.022)), respectively. Conclusion the incidence of aspiration pneumonia is related to many factors. According to the corresponding situation, the intervention measures should be taken to closely monitor the condition of the elderly patients, to strengthen the psychological, diet and airway management of the patients, and to prevent the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia.
【作者单位】：浙江省立同德医院干部保健科;
【基金】：浙江省卫生厅基金项目(2013KYA162)
【分类号】：R563.1

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