枕下极外侧入路椎动脉的显微解剖结构观察

发布时间：2018-04-16 13:14

本文选题：枕下极外侧入路 + 椎动脉　；参考：《重庆医学》2013年03期

【摘要】：目的探讨枕下极外侧入路与椎动脉相关的显微解剖结构比较。方法采用甲醛固定的成人头颅标本15例,进行模拟枕下极外侧入路的显微解剖手术,测量各重要结构的体表投影数值及椎动脉颅内段行程等相关参数。结果该入路中主要的解剖结构有:寰枕关节及其周围结构、椎动脉第Ⅱ～Ⅳ段走行、颅神经根丝及其走行和相互间的关系。其中乙状窦、枕髁和椎动脉是该入路重要的解剖标志,左、右椎动脉直径和长度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),83.3%的椎动脉位于舌下神经腹侧,在舌下神经腹侧走行,16.7%的椎动脉穿舌下神经上、下束之间。结论掌握枕下极外侧入路中椎动脉的走行以及该区域重要的解剖标志,对于经枕下极外侧入路的手术成功有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the microanatomical structure of vertebral artery related to the lateral approach of the suboccipital pole.Methods Fifteen adult head specimens fixed with formaldehyde were operated on by simulated suboccipital extreme lateral approach. The surface projection values of important structures and the stroke of intracranial segment of vertebral artery were measured.Results the main anatomical structures in the approach were atlantooccipital joint and its surrounding structure, the second to fourth segment of vertebral artery, the relationship between cranial nerve root and filaments, and the relationship between them.Sigmoid sinus, occipital condyle and vertebral artery were important anatomic markers of the approach. There was no significant difference in diameter and length of left and right vertebral arteries. 83.3% of vertebral arteries were located in the ventral side of hypoglossal nerve.In the hypoglossal nerve, 16. 7% of the vertebral artery went through the hypoglossal nerve between the upper and lower bundles.Conclusion mastering the route of vertebral artery and the important anatomic markers in the region are of great significance for the successful operation of the transoccipital extreme lateral approach.
【作者单位】：桂林医学院附属医院神经外科;
【基金】：桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20100315-2) 广西区教育厅科研计划课题[桂科教(2004)20]
【分类号】：R322

【参考文献】