东北地区蜱携带新型病毒的发现及鉴定

发布时间：2018-05-23 13:57

本文选题：蜱 + 蜱传病　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：蜱是一类专性吸血性节肢动物,全世界已经发现800多种蜱,能传播200多种病原体,例如病毒、细菌和原虫等,其中病毒就有126种。我国蜱传病毒主要有TBEV、CCHFV、SFTSV等,且吉林、黑龙江省部分地区为自然疫源地。但是对其他蜱传病毒的报道相对较少,其在东北三省的流行本底尚未明确,因此对于蜱及蜱传病毒的研究就具有重要意义。本研究对2016年3-6月从吉林、黑龙江省8个市区林场采集的4318只蜱进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,统计结果后挑选样品进行病毒宏基因组学研究,然后根据研究结果挑选3种注释量高的病毒,对采集的蜱进行PCR扩增、克隆、测序、同源性及进化树分析并对其进行细胞分离。为掌握吉林省、黑龙江省部分地区蜱种类及其携带病毒的情况,防止疾病跨种跨境传播进行预防性研究。蜱采集统计结果发现,在吉林省和黑龙江省8个市林场采集4318只蜱,共3属5种,全沟硬蜱数量最多,森林革蜱最少。病毒宏基因组研究结果发现南湾病毒、内罗毕病毒新种和森林脑炎病毒注释量高。然后对这三种病毒进行分子生物学检测,其中南湾病毒阳性率最高为0.65%,其次是内罗毕病毒新种和森林脑炎病毒,分别为0.55%和0.16%,为国际上首次在蜱中对南湾病毒和内罗毕病毒新种进行阳性率调查。发现三种病毒均流行于全沟硬蜱,南湾病毒和内罗毕病毒新种在嗜群血蜱中发现少量阳性,内罗毕病毒新种还流行于长角血蜱。本研究还成功分离并得到这三种病毒的电镜照片,为国际上首次从蜱内分离南湾病毒和内罗毕病毒新种并且得到电镜照片。
[Abstract]:Ticks are a group of specialized blood sucking arthropods. 800 kinds of ticks have been found all over the world, which can transmit more than 200 kinds of pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria and protozoa, among which there are 126 kinds of viruses. The main tick-borne viruses in China are TBEV CCHFV SFTSV, and parts of Jilin and Heilongjiang Province are natural foci. However, there are few reports on other tick-borne viruses, and their epidemic background in the three provinces of Northeast China is not clear, so it is of great significance to study ticks and tick-borne viruses. In this study, 4318 ticks collected from forest farms in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces from March to June 2016 were identified by morphology and molecular biology. According to the results of the study, three kinds of highly annotated viruses were selected for PCR amplification, cloning, sequencing, homology and phylogenetic tree analysis and cell isolation. In order to know the species of ticks in Jilin province and Heilongjiang province and to prevent the cross-species spread of the disease, preventive research was carried out. The results showed that 4318 ticks belonging to 3 genera and 5 species were collected from 8 forest farms in Jilin province and Heilongjiang province. The results of virus macro genome study showed that Nanwan virus, new species of Nairobi virus and Forest Encephalitis virus were highly annotated. Then the three viruses were tested by molecular biology. The highest positive rate of Nanwan virus was 0.65, followed by the new Nairobi virus and forest encephalitis virus. 0.55% and 0.16%, respectively. It is the first time in the world to investigate the positive rate of new strains of Nanwan virus and Nairobi virus in ticks. Three kinds of viruses were found to be prevalent in Haemaphysalis sinensis, a small number of new strains of Nanwan virus and Nairobi virus were found to be positive in Haemaphysalis japonicus, and a new strain of Nairobi virus was also found to be prevalent in Haemaphysalis longicornis. This study also successfully isolated and obtained the electron microscope photos of the three viruses, which is the first time to isolate the Nanwan virus and the Nairobi virus from ticks in the world and obtain the electron microscope photos.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R384.4

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