以果蝇为模型Taurine、Aspirin、Menthol对果蝇寿命的影响

发布时间：2018-08-16 09:15

【摘要】：衰老是一个非常复杂的过程,许多因素都能够影响到衰老的进程,例如遗传、饮食、生活方式以及环境等等因素,都能很大程度上的影响老化的进程。随着社会的进步和老龄化的加速,抗衰老已经受到广泛地关注。本论文以果蝇为模式生物,研究药物、饮食等不同因素对果蝇寿命的影响。牛磺酸,一种天然的有机化合物,对许多生物功能都非常重要;然而,牛磺酸对衰老和寿命的影响还是未知的。本实验中给果蝇喂食不同浓度的牛磺酸。实验结果表明,牛磺酸可以延长果蝇生命周期。牛磺酸对果蝇寿命的延长作用具有性别特异性,雌雄果蝇的最佳摄入浓度以及延长比例是不同的。同时饮食对于牛磺酸的作用有着一定的影响。牛磺酸的延寿作用在高热量实验组比标准热量实验组更强。另外,只在单独饲养的果蝇组中观察到牛磺酸的有益影响,在雌雄混合组中没有发现。阿司匹林是一种自古以来一直使用的消炎镇痛药物,其疗效十分显著。最新的研究发现表明,阿司匹林具有抵抗癌症的作用,且患癌症的人服用阿司匹林后寿命会更长,因此本实验中喂食果蝇不同浓度的阿司匹林。实验结果表明,阿司匹林能够延长果蝇的寿命。另外,处女蝇的寿命要比交配过的果蝇更长。与牛磺酸实验相同,进食高热量食物会缩短果蝇的生命周期。薄荷醇,一种有机化合物,是薄荷中的主要成分。左旋薄荷醇有薄荷清香和清凉作用。而温度是影响果蝇寿命的重要因素之一。目前国内外对薄荷醇抗衰老的研究极少。本实验中,给果蝇喂食不同浓度的牛磺酸,并研究不同热量饮食对果蝇寿命的影响。实验结果表明,低浓度的薄荷醇可以延长果蝇的寿命,但是高浓度的薄荷醇对果蝇反而有害。另外,相比于雌性果蝇,雄性果蝇对薄荷醇的作用更加敏感。进食高热量食物能够部分抵消高浓度薄荷醇的作用。衰老是一个复杂而漫长的过程,本文的实验测试了不同药物、饮食热量、性别等因素对果蝇寿命的影响,为之后抗衰老药物的开发和研究提供了实验依据。
[Abstract]:Aging is a very complex process, many factors can affect the process of aging, such as genetics, diet, lifestyle and environment, and so on. With the progress of society and the acceleration of aging, anti-aging has been widely concerned. In this paper, Drosophila was used as model organism to study the effects of drugs, diet and other factors on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. Taurine, a natural organic compound, is important for many biological functions; however, the effects of taurine on aging and longevity are unknown. In this experiment, Drosophila was fed with different concentrations of taurine. The results showed that taurine could prolong the life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster. The prolongation of life span of Drosophila melanogaster by taurine has sex specificity, and the optimum intake concentration and prolongation ratio of female and male Drosophila melanogaster are different. At the same time, diet has a certain effect on the role of taurine. The effect of taurine on life extension was stronger in high caloric group than in standard caloric group. In addition, the beneficial effects of taurine were observed only in the drosophila group, but not in the male and female mixed groups. Aspirin is an antiinflammatory and analgesic drug that has been used since ancient times. A new study found that aspirin has the ability to fight cancer and that cancer patients live longer after taking aspirin, so this study was given different concentrations of aspirin for Drosophila melanogaster. The results showed that aspirin could prolong the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, virgin flies live longer than mating fruit flies. As with the taurine experiment, eating high-calorie foods shortened the life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster. Menthol, an organic compound, is the main ingredient in menthol. Levo-menthol has mint fragrance and coolness. Temperature is one of the important factors affecting the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. At present, there is little research on menthol anti-aging at home and abroad. In this experiment, Drosophila was fed with different concentrations of taurine, and the effects of different calorie diets on the life span of Drosophila were studied. The results showed that low concentration of menthol could prolong the life span of Drosophila melanogaster, but high concentration of menthol was harmful to Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, the male fruit fly is more sensitive to menthol than the female fruit fly. Eating high-calorie foods partially counteracts the effects of high concentrations of menthol. Aging is a complicated and long process. The effects of different drugs, dietary calorie and sex on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster were tested in this paper, which provided the experimental basis for the later development and research of anti-aging drugs.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R339.38

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