太原市城区车祸院前出诊时空聚集分布特征研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 11:05

本文关键词： 车祸院前出诊空间分布聚类探测　出处：《山西医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：院前急救是对伤患的转运和伤患到达指定医院前的医疗救护,是现代医疗服务体系的重要组成部分,体现了一个国家或地区医疗服务体系是否完整、是否具备处理突发事件的应急能力。目前,我国相关的研究内容主要集中在施救措施和院前管理模式上,而院前出诊的具体特征及内在成因研究较少。本文旨在参考国外院前出诊急救资源的时空分布研究的经验,懫用空间分析与可视化技术,基于空间自相关和点要素层次聚类分析等方法,针对太原市6城区因车祸的院前出诊情况,研究车祸院前出诊的空间聚集特征和分析的技术流程,并通过时空扫描研究车祸院前出诊的负荷,研究成果为车祸院前出诊大数据分析策略提供了参考,对研究太原市车祸院前急救出诊的空间规律有效性、及时协同派诊有着现实的意义。本课题主要进行了以下三方面的研究:1、基于面域的车祸出诊空间聚集特征分析;2、基于点域的车祸出诊空间分布特征分析3、基于面域的出诊负载时空分布特征分析。研究结果如下:1、以街道/乡镇(面域)为单位进行车祸院前出诊的空间分布、聚集性特征及可视化研究。其中,Global Moran`s I值为0.191224、P0.01,显示太原市车祸出诊地点并非随机分布,有一定的空间聚集性;通过LISA分析显示,太原市城区车祸出诊频次高-高聚集街道/乡镇(H-H聚集区),主要集中在平阳路街道、太原高新技术产业开发区、营盘街道、坞城路街道、黄陵街道、金胜镇,结合2016年度的城建规划,了解到这些地区常为城乡结合部和城建热点区,它们之间可能存在关联,需要我们进一步的研究。从目前的资料看,市城区尚未发现有统计学意义的低-低(L-L)聚集区。2、以院前车祸出诊点的地理坐标(点域)为单位,通过核密度估算和层次聚类两种方法结合的可视化表达。结果显示:小店区康宁街附近、万柏林区南寒附近、万柏林区迎泽西大街和平路口附近、尖草坪区解放北路上段附近、钢园路上段附近、小店区南中环桥东近平阳路附近和尖草坪区胜利桥东临大同路附近,共6个高发区域和5.5公里的区域协同出诊半径。其结果既可分层级表达,又体现了车祸出诊的精确集聚区域,体现出点中带面的特征。3、将出诊时间与空间数据结合,使用SatScan时空扫描并进行可视化表达,研究聚集区域和“出诊负荷”。结果显示:2016/11/3到2016/11/9间存在一个主要聚集区,其中包括5个街道/乡镇;2016/11/1到2016/11/4间存在一个次要聚集区,包括4个街道/乡镇。聚集区域内出诊强度均为扫描区域外的3倍以上,但其“出诊负荷”分别为0.38、0.52,均小于1,车祸聚类区域的院前出诊对同期其他原因的院前出诊影响较小,表明院前急救资源仍有一定储备。综上所述:1、太原市6城区因车祸的院前出诊具有空间聚集性;其中城乡结合部和城建热点区的6个街道/乡镇呈现高-高聚集,尚未发现有统计学意义的低-低(LL)聚集区。2、点域研究的6个高发区域其区域协同出诊半径为5.5公里。3、时空扫描的一个主聚集区域和一个次要聚集区内,其区域内RR是扫描区域外的3倍以上,但其“出诊负荷”均小于1,对同期其他原因的院前出诊影响较小,说明院前急救资源就此方面而言仍有一定储备。
[Abstract]:Pre hospital emergency injuries is to transport wounded and arrived at the designated medical hospital, is an important part of modern medical service system, medical service system reflects a country or region is complete, whether they have the ability of emergency handling emergencies. At present, the related research contents in China are mainly concentrated in the rescue measures and pre hospital management mode, and the specific characteristics of pre hospital visits and internal causes of less. The purpose of this paper is to refer to the foreign pre hospital emergency visits resources study on temporal and spatial distribution of experience, Zhi spatial analysis and visualization, spatial elements and hierarchical clustering analysis method based on, for the city of Taiyuan city because of 6 the accident before hospital visits, technical features and process analysis of the accident before the hospital visits gathering space, and through the research on the spatial scanning of pre hospital visits accident load, research results for Big data analysis provides a reference strategy of pre hospital emergency visits accident, space law validity visits in the study of Taiyuan city traffic accident before hospital, timely coordination is of great realistic significance to send diagnosis. This thesis mainly focuses on the following three aspects: 1, the region's spatial aggregation characteristics based on the analysis of the accident at 2 points; domain accident analysis on spatial distribution characteristics based on 3 visits, visits the area load analysis of spatial and temporal distribution features. Based on the research results are as follows: 1, to street / township (area) the distribution of space for the unit before visits the accident hospital, the characteristics of aggregation and visualization research. Among them, Global Moran`s I 0.191224, P0.01 Taiyuan City, traffic accident visits location not randomly distributed, there is a certain space aggregation; through the LISA analysis showed that the accident in Taiyuan city visits high frequency high street / town aggregation (H-H zone), mainly concentrated in the Pingyang Road Street Camp Street, Taiyuan hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Wu Cheng Road Street, Huangling street, Jin Sheng Zhen, with 2016 annual urban construction planning, to understand these areas often for the integration of urban and rural and urban hot zone, there may be an association between them, we need further study. From the current data, City has not yet found a statistically significant low low (L-L) gathering area.2, pre hospital visits to the accident geographic coordinates points (point domain) as a unit, visual expression through the combination of kernel density estimation and hierarchical clustering of two methods. The results showed that near the Corelle Street Xiaodian District, Berlin District South near 10000, near million Berlin District Yingze West Street near the intersection of peace, Liberation North Road near the upper Jiancaoping District, near the upper steel road, east south central district near Pingyang road and Jiancaoping District shenglidong Lin Datong Road nearby, a total of 6 high-risk areas and 5.5 male In the regional collaborative visits radius. The result not only can be layered level expression, but also reflects the accurate agglomeration of regional accident reflects the features of a home visit, with.3 points, will call time and space data with the use of SatScan, spatial scanning and visual expression, research on aggregation region and "house load". The results showed: 2016/11/3 to 2016/11/9 is one of the main gathering area, including 5 Street / township; 2016/11/1 to 2016/11/4 between a secondary gathering area, including 4 Street / township. Visits gathered in the region outside the region scanning intensity were more than 3 times, but the "house load" were 0.38,0.52, were less than 1, the accident of pre hospital visits to the clustering region over the same period of other causes of pre hospital visits showed less influence of pre hospital emergency resources still has certain reserves. To sum up: 1, 6 Taiyuan city hospital for diagnosis before the accident with space Aggregation; the combination of urban and rural and Urban Construction Department of 6 street / hot area township showing high high aggregation, has not yet found a statistically significant low low (LL) gathering area.2, 6 high-risk areas of the regional collaboration domain visits a radius of 5.5 km.3, spatial scanning of a main gathering area and a secondary gathering area, the area is RR scanning outside the region more than 3 times, but the "house load" was less than 1 in the same period, other causes of pre hospital visits has little influence, that of first aid resources in this respect there is still a certain reserve.

【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R459.7

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