汉族与维族阅读障碍儿童阅读环境因素的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 03:35

本文关键词：汉族与维族阅读障碍儿童阅读环境因素的比较研究　出处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的研究新疆地区汉族与维吾尔族发展性阅读障碍(developmental dyslexia,DD)儿童的阅读环境影响因素差异,为不同种族阅读障碍儿童的防治和干预提供理论依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,抽取新疆地区5所维汉双语学校3~6年级儿童2 854名,采用儿童学习障碍筛查量表(the pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disability,PRS)、儿童汉语阅读障碍量表(the dyslexia checklist for Chinese dhildren,DCCC)、儿童维语阅读障碍量表(the dyslexia checklist for uyghur children,DCUC)以及家庭背景和家庭阅读环境调查表对这2 854名儿童进行调查,并用中国韦氏儿童智力量表(China-wechsler intelligence scale for children,C-WISC)进行智力测试,依据国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)和精神障碍诊断和统计手册第四版(DSM-IV)对阅读障碍的定义,逐层筛选汉族和维吾尔族阅读障碍儿童,利用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析对其阅读环境危险因素进行评定。结果共收回有效调查问卷2 348份,汉族儿童阅读障碍的阳性筛出率为3.89%(45/1 156),维吾尔族儿童为7.05%(84/1 192),差异有统计学意义(P0.01);单因素分析显示在年级、家庭收入、父母的职业、母亲的文化程度和部分家庭阅读环境因素上汉族阅读障碍儿童的阳性筛查率显著低于维族阅读障碍儿童(P0.05);多因素分析显示当儿童处于五年级(P0.05,OR=1.47,CI 95%:1.17~1.85)、父亲的职业为党政机构和政府人员(P0.05,OR=1.86,CI 95%:1.16~2.99)、母亲的职业为党政机构和政府人员(P0.05,OR=2.99,CI 95%:1.66~5.39)、母亲的文化水平为大专(P0.05,OR=2.46,CI 95%:1.77~3.40)时,汉族儿童发生DD的危险性显著低于维族儿童。结论新疆维吾尔族儿童阅读障碍的阳性筛出率高于汉族儿童;家庭社会经济地位尤其是母亲的职业对两个民族儿童阅读障碍阳性筛出率的差异影响最为显著,文化程度高的母亲更有可能培养儿童良好的阅读能力,且汉族儿童母亲的这种作用较维族儿童显著,而家庭阅读环境的影响并不明显。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the difference of reading environment influencing factors between Han and Uygur children with developmental dyslexia in Xinjiang. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 2 854 children of grade 6 from 5 Uygur and Chinese bilingual schools in Xinjiang. Children with learning disability screening scale (. The pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disability. The dyslexia checklist for Chinese dhildrenc. The dyslexia checklist for uyghur children was found in children with Uygur dyslexia. DCUC) and the Family background and Family Reading Environment questionnaire for 2,854 children. The Chinese Wechsler intelligence scale for children was used. C-WISC-based intelligence tests were carried out to define dyslexia according to ICD-10 (ICD-10) and DSM-IV (4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders). Children with dyslexia of Han nationality and Uygur nationality were screened layer by layer. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors of reading environment. Results A total of 2 348 effective questionnaires were collected. The positive screening rate of dyslexia in Han nationality children was 3.89% 45 / 11 56%, while that in Uygur children was 7.05 / 84 / 1 1922. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that in grade, family income, and parental career. The positive screening rate of children with dyslexia in Han nationality was significantly lower than that of children with dyslexia in Uygur nationality. Multivariate analysis showed that when the children were in the fifth grade, P0.05 or 1.47% CI 95: 1.17 and 1.85%, the father's occupation was party and government personnel (P0.05). OR1. 86 CI 95: 1.16 / 2.99. The occupation of a mother is that of a party or government official, P0.05 or 2.99. The mother's education level is 2.46% CI 95: 1.77 3.40). The risk of DD in Han children was significantly lower than that in Uygur children. Conclusion the positive screening rate of dyslexia in Xinjiang Uygur children is higher than that in Han children. Family social and economic status, especially mothers' occupation, had the most significant influence on the difference of positive screening rate of reading disability between the two ethnic groups, and mothers with high education level were more likely to cultivate children's good reading ability. The effect of mothers of Han nationality is more significant than that of Uygur children, but the influence of family reading environment is not obvious.
【作者单位】：新疆石河子大学医学院护理系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81360434)资助
【分类号】：R749.94
【正文快照】： 儿童发展性阅读障碍(developmental dyslexia,DD)是指部分儿童虽拥有正常的智力,无脑部损伤和视觉障碍,并且享受均等的教育以及社会文化机会,但在阅读方面显著落后于同年龄的其他儿童[1]。据相关研究报道,在表音文字国家阅读障碍的阳性筛出率为5%~12%[2,3],汉语阅读障碍的阳性

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