轻度认知功能障碍与阿尔茨海默病脑磁共振成像对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 16:13

本文关键词： 轻度认知功能障碍阿尔茨海默病海马体积磁共振成像　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：阿尔茨海默病(AD)俗称老年性痴呆，是一种神经退行性疾病。近年来，在人群中的发病率呈逐年增高的趋势，随着国内社会老龄化的进展，AD的患病人群也在不断增加，需要引起广泛的重视。 AD以记忆功能和认知功能障碍为主要临床表现，具有起病缓慢，前期症状不明显等特点，这对临床疾病的早期诊断带来了很大的困难。尽管在1907年就有学者对AD的发病进行了描述，但时至今日，对于AD的发病机制仍没有一个足够的认识，使得临床在AD的诊断及其治疗进展上也步履维艰。目前，临床对于AD确诊仍然是依靠临床表现症状和神经心理学评分，由于AD症状出现较晚，前期多得不到重视，故临床确诊的AD多数为中晚期病人。而在病理解剖中发现，AD病人前期通常会出现脑萎缩的征象，尤其是海马萎缩更为明显。本研究在进行颅脑MRI扫描来观察和测定AD病人的大脑及海马区的改变中，试图通过与轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者对比，来发现早期AD患者的颅脑特异性改变，，以期达到早期诊断AD的目的。
[Abstract]:Alzheimer's disease (AD), commonly known as Alzheimer's disease, is a neurodegenerative disease. In recent years, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease in the population is increasing year by year, with the development of aging society in China. The number of AD patients is also increasing and needs to be paid more attention. AD with memory and cognitive dysfunction as the main clinical manifestations, with slow onset, symptoms are not obvious. Although some scholars described the pathogenesis of AD in 1907, there is still not a sufficient understanding of the pathogenesis of AD. It makes the diagnosis and treatment of AD difficult. At present, the clinical diagnosis of AD is still dependent on clinical symptoms and neuropsychological scores. Therefore, the majority of clinically diagnosed AD patients are advanced patients, and in the pathological anatomy of patients with AD usually have early signs of brain atrophy. In particular, hippocampal atrophy is more obvious. This study attempted to compare the cerebral and hippocampal changes of AD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by craniocerebral MRI scanning. To detect the craniocerebral specific changes in early AD patients, and to achieve the purpose of early diagnosis of AD.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.1

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