长沙市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍患病率调查及相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-02-02 10:13

本文关键词： 老年人认知障碍患病率危险因素长沙市　出处：《中国全科医学》2014年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查长沙市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)的患病率并分析其相关因素。方法采取多阶段随机整群抽样的方法,于2012年4—9月在长沙市5个区随机抽取2个区,每个区再随机抽取1个街道,每个街道随机抽取2个社区,共调查了1 764例老年人。采用简易智能精神状态量表(MMSE)、北京版蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、总体衰退量表(GDS)、临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)对老年人进行MCI初步筛查,然后再由神经内科专家依据临床MCI诊断标准确诊。计算MCI患病率,比较不同人口学特征的老年人MCI患病率,采用Logistic回归分析MCI患病率的相关因素,并与其他城市的老年人MCI患病率进行比较。结果长沙市社区老年人MCI患病率为16.27%(287/1 764)。随着年龄的增加,MCI患病率增加〔60~、70~、80~岁分别为9.79%(84/858)、20.14%(149/740)和32.53%(54/166),P0.05〕;教育程度越高,MCI患病率越低〔文盲、小学、初中、高中或中专、大专、本科及以上分别为32.10%(26/81)、18.40%(90/489)、13.97%(70/501)、15.29%(61/399)、14.39%(19/132)和12.96%(21/162),P0.05〕;体力劳动者MCI患病率高于脑力劳动者〔19.12%(187/978)与12.72%(100/786),P0.05〕;独居者MCI患病率高于非独居者〔21.59%(65/301)与15.17%(222/1 463),P0.05〕。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况进入回归方程(P0.05)。长沙市社区老年人MCI患病率与葡萄牙、新加坡、北京、乌鲁木齐的MCI患病率无差异(P0.05),但却低于上海〔35.78%(161/450)〕,高于成都〔2.35%(92/3 910)〕(P0.05)。结论长沙市社区老年人MCI患病率处于中等水平,高龄、文化程度低、无配偶的老年人是MCI的高危人群,应对其重点防护。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly in Changsha community and analyze its related factors. Methods Multi-stage random cluster sampling was used. From April to September of 2012, 2 districts were randomly selected from 5 districts in Changsha, and 2 communities were randomly selected from each district. A total of 1 764 elderly patients were investigated with MMSE, Beijing Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale and GDSs. The clinical dementia rating scale (ADL) was used to screen the elderly with MCI. According to the clinical MCI diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of MCI was calculated, and the prevalence of MCI in the elderly with different demographic characteristics was compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of MCI prevalence. Results the prevalence rate of MCI in the elderly in Changsha community was 16.27 / 1764%. The incidence of MCI increased by 9.79% to 70 years old (9.79%, 858%, 20.14%, 149% 740) and 32.53% (54 / 166), respectively. P0.05; The higher the level of education, the lower the prevalence of MCI (illiteracy, primary school, junior high school, high school or technical secondary school, junior college, undergraduate degree and above were 32.10 / 81). 18.40 there are 90 / 489 / 13.97 / 70 / 501 / 15.29 / 61 / 399). 14.39 / 19 / 132) and 12.96 / 21 / 162 / P0.05; The prevalence of MCI in manual workers was higher than that in mental workers (19.12 / 978) and 12.72% (P 0.05). The prevalence of MCI was higher in the solitary group than in the non-solitary group (21.59 / 301) and 15.17% (222 / 1463). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, education, marital status entered the regression equation P0.05.The prevalence of MCI in the community of Changsha and Portugal. The prevalence of MCI in Singapore, Beijing and Urumqi was not different (P0.05%, but lower than that in Shanghai (35.78%). Conclusion the prevalence rate of MCI in the elderly in Changsha community is in the middle level, advanced age and low education level. The elderly without spouse are the high-risk population of MCI and should be protected.
【作者单位】：湖南省常德市第一人民医院肾内科;中南大学护理学院;
【基金】：湖南省自然科学基金项目(11JJ5057)
【分类号】：R749.16
【正文快照】： 人口老龄化已成为全球的公共卫生问题和社会问题。我国人口老龄化、高龄化问题严重,是目前世界老年人口最多且是惟一一个老年人口超过1亿的国家[1];80岁以上高龄老人正以5.4%的速度增长,90岁以上高龄老人以7.1%的速度增长[2],截至2012年底,我国60岁以上老龄人口达1.94亿人,80

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