基于某三级医院救治的服药自杀未遂者现状研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 09:23

  本文选题：自杀未遂　切入点：三级医院　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究背景 自杀是心理、社会和生物多种因素相互作用的结果。从整个社会来看,自杀是一个突出的社会问题。自杀作为一个重要的医学和社会问题,越来越被人们所重视。近几年来,随着社会的发展,科学的进步,生活节奏的加快,竞争日趋的激烈而使人们生活、精神压力增大,家庭内部矛盾增多,自杀发生率呈上升趋势,据不完全统计,全世界每年有约100万人因自杀死亡,是世界许多国家前10位的死因之一。中国自杀死亡的绝对人数居世界第一而服药中毒自杀的方式占第一位。根据以往统计,滨州市某三级医院急诊科自2009年2月至2010年12月收治服药自杀患者420例,针对其服药现状采取相应的护理措施,从心理、生理和社会等多方面探讨患者服药自杀原因,从而引起全社会的重视,减少自杀事件发生,挽救患者生命。 研究目的 本研究旨在通过分析滨州市某三级医院急诊科收住的自杀未遂患者,了解某三级医院就诊的服药自杀未遂患者现状及其影响因素,为有效预防自杀行为的发生提供参考依据。 资料与方法 以滨州市某三级医院急诊科就诊的300例服药自杀未遂患者为研究对象,设计服药自杀调查问卷,对患者或家属行问卷调查,了解患者性别、年龄、 性格、职业、收入、自杀原因,服药前后心情、想法及是否会再次服药自杀等情况,通过调查结果分析现状及其影响因素。 主要结果 300例服药自杀未遂患者中,女性患者与男性患者比例为1：1.38；年龄20岁者38人,21-40岁者137人,41-60岁者78人,大于61岁者47人；学历分为小学学历117人,初中126人,高中9人,中专42人,大专6人；各种职业中农民177人,工人为75人,学生为30人,个体户老板9人,其他9人；性格内向的123人,外向的83人,活泼开朗的45人,不成熟易激动的52人；自杀原因中有21人因为感觉社会压力大,35人因为家庭经济负担重,144人因为家庭纠纷(如离婚、与他人闹矛盾、吵架等),47人因为情感受挫问题,32人患有抑郁症,11人存在老年综合征(如患者患有癌症、脑血管病、高血压心脏病等慢性病等),10人因为突发事件；自杀时心情郁闷的99人,孤独无助的41人,委屈的39人,气愤的85人,恼怒的36人；自杀前的想法认为伤害自己惩罚别人的41人,死亡是一种解脱的108人,逃避现实的61人,没有多想、一时冲动63人,吓唬他,使他改掉恶习的12人,真的活够了的15人；服药自杀后后悔的150人,不后悔的69人,舍不得家人的62人,清醒过来后,意识到生命珍贵的19人；是否会再出现冲动行为为永远不会的165人,有可能出现冲动行为的为84人,不确定的为30人,还会出现冲动行为的为21人。 结论与建议 服药自杀与性别、年龄、性格、职业、收入、情绪等直接相关,女性患者自杀率较男性高,但男性自杀率较前有所提高；21-40岁年龄段中自杀患者人数最多；低学历、低收入及性格内向者居多。小学与初中学历者人数最多,两者人数之和占参与调查总人数的81.0%。不同职业的人群中,农民服药自杀的人数最多,占59%(共177人)。服药自杀多见于家庭纠纷、家庭经济负担及情感受挫折的人群,事业发展受挫折后易自杀。服药时多数心情较差,大部分患者自杀后感觉后悔,服药前36%认为死亡是一种解脱,有50%患者会后悔。服药自杀后55%患者表示以后不会出现类似冲动行为,仍有7%(21人)的患者明确表示会再次自杀。 建议加强心理知识教育,树立正确的人生观,提高人们的心理防御和应激能力,用积极的态度来对待问题,保持良好的社会风气和正常的人际关系。对于性格内向、孤独、敏感和脆弱的人,应及时进行心理卫生指导,缓解压力。对于老年患者,应发动全民关心老年人,丰富老年人的晚年生活,为老年人提供良好的社会氛围,使其对生活充满信心,保持良好的心态,缓解恐惧心理和厌世情绪。同时社会应重视自杀未遂患者,对其加强健康教育指导、心理状况评估、提升自杀未遂者的问题应对能力,以及给予充分的社会支持资源等,使其尽快摆脱困境,融入社会。
[Abstract]:Research background
Dutch act is the psychological, social and biological interactions of various factors. From the social point of view, Dutch act is a prominent social problem. Dutch act as an important medical and social problems, people pay more and more attention. In recent years, with the development of society, the progress of science, the accelerated pace of life the competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and make people's life, mental pressure, increasing conflicts within the family, Dutch act incidence rate showed an upward trend, according to incomplete statistics, there are about 1 million people die every year because of Dutch act, is one of many countries in the world top 10 causes of death. The absolute number of death Chinese Dutch act ranked first in the world and taking medicine the poisoning Dutch act for the first. According to previous statistics, Binzhou city emergency department of a grade three hospital from February 2009 to December 2010 were taking Dutch act in 420 patients, take corresponding nursing measures according to the present situation of medication From the psychological, physiological and social aspects, this paper discusses the reasons for the suicide of the patients taking medicine, thus causing the attention of the whole society, reducing the occurrence of suicide and saving the life of the patients.
research objective
The purpose of this study is to understand the status and influencing factors of suicide attempts in a grade three hospital by analyzing the suicide attempts of patients in a three grade hospital in Binzhou, so as to provide reference for effective prevention of suicidal behavior.
Information and methods
A total of 300 suicide attempts patients in a three grade hospital in Binzhou were selected as the research objects. A suicide questionnaire was designed, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among the patients or their families to understand the sex and age of the patients.
Character, occupation, income, cause of suicide, mood before and after taking medicine, thought and whether it would take the medicine again, and analyze the situation and its influencing factors through the investigation.
Main results
300渚嬫湇鑽�鑷�鏉，

本文编号：1652855