孤独症儿童时序认知的实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 05:36

本文选题：孤独症 + 时间认知　；参考：《西南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：儿童孤独症是一种表现为社会交往障碍、语言障碍以及狭窄兴趣和重复刻板行为的广泛性发育障碍。日常生活和临床观察发现,孤独症儿童存在时间认知上的障碍。而孤独症在情景记忆、自我意识等多方面的认知缺陷都与时间认知存在密切的关系。目前对于时间认知的研究主要集中于时距和时序,而儿童对于时序的认知易于对时距的理解,时序认知也是因果推理的重要条件。对孤独症个体时序认知状况的研究,将促进对其认知缺陷的深入理解和探索。本研究使用带有自然顺序编码的图片材料对孤独症儿童的时序认知能力进行研究,使用儿童孤独症评定量表(childhood autism rating sale, CARS)对孤独症儿童的症状严重程度进行评估。6名5岁以上的孤独症儿童和6名与其智力、言语水平相匹配的智力障碍儿童参加了本研究。本研究尝试探索孤独症儿童的时序认知成绩随年龄发展的趋势,比较了孤独症儿童与智障儿童的时序认知能力,并分析了孤独症儿童在不同时序认知任务上的表现,以及孤独症儿童的时序认知能力与其症状严重程度之间的关系。研究结果发现： (1)孤独症儿童的时序认知能力随年龄增长有所发展,但发展缓慢。 (2)总体上看,孤独症组时序认知成绩差于智障组,孤独症儿童存在一定的时序认知缺陷。 (3)孤独症组被试对社会性任务的时序认知成绩差于对物理性任务的时序认知成绩,智障组被试在社会—物理任务性质上不存在显著差异。 (4)两组被试对程式性任务与因果性任务的认知成绩不存在显著差异。 (5)两类性质的任务之间不存在显著的交互作用。 (6)孤独症组被试的症状严重程度对其时序认知成绩不存在显著影响。
[Abstract]:Autism in children is a kind of generalized developmental disorder, which is characterized by social communication disorder, language disorder and narrow interest and repetitive stereotype behavior. Daily life and clinical observations showed that autistic children had temporal cognitive impairment. However, autism has a close relationship with temporal cognition in many aspects, such as situational memory, self-consciousness and so on. At present, the research on temporal cognition is mainly focused on time interval and time series, and children's cognition of time series is easy to understand time distance, and temporal cognition is also an important condition of causal reasoning. The study on the temporal cognition of autistic individuals will promote the understanding and exploration of their cognitive defects. In this study, the temporal cognitive ability of autistic children was studied using picture materials with natural sequence coding. The severity of symptoms in autistic children was evaluated by childhood autism rating sale6 (CARSs). 6 autistic children over 5 years of age and 6 children with mental retardation matched with intelligence and speech level participated in this study. This study attempts to explore the trend of timing cognitive achievement of autistic children with age, compare the temporal cognitive ability between autistic children and children with intellectual disabilities, and analyze the performance of children with autism on different temporal cognitive tasks. And the relationship between temporal cognitive ability and severity of symptoms in autistic children. The study found that: 1) the temporal cognitive ability of autistic children develops with age, but develops slowly. (2) generally speaking, the timing cognitive achievement of autism group is worse than that of mentally retarded group, and autistic children have some temporal cognitive defects. (3) the temporal cognitive scores of social tasks in autistic subjects were worse than those in physical tasks, but there was no significant difference in the nature of social-physical tasks in mentally retarded subjects. (4) there was no significant difference in cognitive achievement between the two groups. There is no significant interaction between the two types of tasks. (6) the severity of symptoms in autistic subjects had no significant effect on their temporal cognitive achievement.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.94

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