皮质下缺血性血管病的认知损害与皮质下特征之间的关系
发布时间:2018-05-03 23:16
本文选题:皮质下缺血性血管病 + 神经心理学 ; 参考:《安徽医科大学》2013年硕士论文
【摘要】:目的采用神经心理学量表,探讨皮质下缺血性血管病(SIVD)的神经心理学特征;应用一系列量表并结合临床表现对SIVD的皮质下特征进行评估,进一步探讨SIVD的认知损害与皮质下特征之间的关系。 材料与方法对受试对象采用一系列神经心理学量表检查,包括简易智能状态量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、剑桥老年认知检查量表中文版(CAMCOG-C)、画钟试验(CDT)及日常生活能力(ADL)等,并结合头颅MRI,最终选择110例SIVD为研究对象入组,通过对所有受试者的神经心理学量表的测试将SIVD的认知分为三组,即34例认知正常(SIVD-NCI)、47例伴有轻度认知损害(SIVD-MCI)、29例痴呆(SIVD-VaD)。对所有入组的受试对象均进行是否存在皮质下特征的评估。步态平衡能力采用计时“起立—行走”测试(TUG);排尿功能、假性球麻痹、情感失禁及跌倒等皮质下特征的评估主要与临床表现相结合;抑郁症状采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)测评。比较三组间认知和日常生活能力的评分,,并对SIVD认知损害的不同阶段伴随的皮质下特征进行分析。 结果(1)三组研究对象的性别、年龄及受教育程度等社会人口因素均无统计学意义;在血管危险因素方面,高血压病、高脂血症、心脏病、糖尿病患病率及吸烟率等方面差异均无统计学意义。(2)SIVD-VaD组(18.1±3.9;13.8±3.8;64.7±12.3;4.0±2.6)和SIVD-MCI组(24.5±2.4;18.5±4.0;78.5±11.3;5.6±2.8)MMSE、MoCA、COMCOG-C、CDT评分均显著低于SIVD-NCI组(28.4±1.2;23.2±3.0;92.1±6.5;8.0±2.5)(均P0.05),SIVD-VaD组的MMSE、MoCA、COMCOG-C、CDT评分均显著低于SIVD-MCI组(P0.05);SIVD-VaD组(42.8±16.0)和SIVD-MCI组(30.6±11.2)ADL量表评分均显著高于SIVD-NCI组(22.7±5.2)(均P0.05),SIVD-VaD组的ADL量表评分显著高于SIVD-MCI组(P0.05)。(3)步态障碍、排尿障碍、假性延髓麻痹、抑郁、跌倒等皮质下特征在三组间有统计学意义(χ2=21.696、21.412、25.512、6.913、21.871,均P0.05)。其中步态障碍随着认知损害程度加重而进一步加重;SIVD-MCI组排尿障碍、假性延髓麻痹及跌倒等皮质下特征较SIVD-NCI组显著增多(χ2=15.570、16.305、8.924,均P0.05);抑郁在SIVD-NCI及SIVD-VaD组之间有统计学意义(χ2=6.901,P0.017)。皮质下特征中的情感失禁在三组之间无统计学差异。 结论 ⑴SIVD随着认知功能的下降而伴随着不同的皮质下特征。 ⑵步态障碍随着认知功能的下降而进一步加重;排尿障碍、假性球麻痹及跌倒等皮质下特征可反映认知由正常到损害的分水岭;抑郁症状可反映SIVD认知功能损害是否达到痴呆程度。 ⑶SIVD患者出现不同的皮质下特征时我们可以预测认知是否损害并较早地干预及改善日常生活能力。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) with neuropsychological scale, and to evaluate the subcortical characteristics of SIVD with a series of scales and clinical manifestations. To further explore the relationship between SIVD cognitive impairment and subcortical features. Materials and methods subjects were examined with a series of neuropsychological scales, including MMSE, MoCAA, CAMCOG-CX, CDT and ADL. Combined with cranial MRI, 110 cases of SIVD were selected as the study subjects. The cognition of SIVD was divided into three groups by measuring the neuropsychological scale of all subjects, namely, 34 cases of normal cognition with SIVD-NCII 47 cases with mild cognitive impairment and 29 cases of dementia with SIVD-VaDD. All subjects were assessed for subcortical features. Gait balance was measured by standing up and walking test, subcortical features such as urination function, pseudobulbar paralysis, emotional incontinence and fall were mainly evaluated with clinical manifestation, and depressive symptoms were evaluated by GDSs. The scores of cognitive and ADL were compared among the three groups, and the subcortical features associated with different stages of SIVD cognitive impairment were analyzed. Results (1) there was no significant difference in sex, age, education and other social and demographic factors among the three groups, and in vascular risk factors, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, hypertension, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, and so on. 绯栧翱鐥呮偅鐥呯巼鍙婂惛鐑熺巼绛夋柟闈㈠樊寮傚潎鏃犵粺璁″鎰忎箟.(2)SIVD-VaD缁
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