基于阿尔茨海默病的大脑皮层厚度网络的研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 03:21

本文选题：阿尔茨海默病 + 皮层厚度　；参考：《兰州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：阿尔茨海默病(AD)严重危害中老年人的身心健康,轻度认知障碍(MCI)是AD发生的高危人群,AD早期诊断和干预可以有效延缓AD病程的发展,然而,目前为止,尚缺乏准确有效的生物标志进行AD早期预测。因此本项目拟在探索MCI和AD的大脑结构网络计算理论与方法,采用大脑皮层厚度作为形态学指标构建结构网络,通过提取脑连接与脑网络的属性作为特征,为探索AD疾病早期预测和发现基于核磁共振影像的生物标记而开展研究。本论文主要研究工作进展和成果包括：1)对采集到的MRI数据进行分类和处理,将MCI分为一段时间内转化为AD的MCI(converted MCI,cMCI)和未转化为AD的MCI(stable MCI,sMCI),研究正常对照组(normal control,NC)、sMCI、 cMCI和AD横向和纵向两年内皮层厚度的变化模式,发现随着病程的发展,首先发生病变而变薄的脑区主要集中在默认网络的核心区域,最后发展到全脑萎缩；随后我们量化每个脑区的萎缩速度,发现内嗅皮质的萎缩速度最大,对于AD的预测和诊断有重要的意义；2)利用图论基于皮层厚度构建脑结构网络,通过提取脑连接与脑网络的属性,横向和纵向比较NC、sMCI、cMCI和AD在网络属性上的差异,假设从NC经过MCI到AD是一个疾病发展的连续过程,那么随着疾病的发展,网络拓扑属性(全局效率和局部效率)呈现S型变化,一方面为之前已有研究关于AD和NC网络拓扑属性的比较结果不一致提供了一种可能的解释,另一方面构建网络的方法不同、二值化方法不同或者同一疾病选取的疾病时间点不同都可能对网络的比较产生影响,在一定程度上为理解AD发展过程中脑网络层次的异常提供新的科学证据。
[Abstract]:Blzheimer's disease (AD) seriously endangers the physical and mental health of the middle-aged and the elderly, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a high-risk group of AD. Early diagnosis and intervention of AD can effectively delay the development of the course of AD. However, so far, there is no accurate and effective biomarker for early prediction of AD. Therefore, this project is to explore the brain structure of MCI and AD. The theory and method of network computing, using the thickness of cerebral cortex as the morphological index to construct the structural network, by extracting the properties of brain connection and brain network, to explore the early prediction and discovery of the biomarkers based on nuclear magnetic resonance imaging for AD disease.
The main research progress and achievements of this paper include: 1) classification and processing of the collected MRI data, MCI into AD MCI (converted MCI, cMCI) and MCI (stable MCI, sMCI), which are not converted to AD for a period of time. It is found that with the development of the course of disease, the brain region which first occurs and thinning is mainly concentrated in the core area of the default network, and finally develops to the whole brain atrophy. Then we quantify the atrophy speed of each brain area, and find the atrophy speed of the olfactory cortex is the most, and it is important for the prediction and diagnosis of AD; 2) use the graph theory. Based on the cortical thickness, the brain structure network is constructed. By extracting the properties of brain connections and brain networks, the difference between NC, sMCI, cMCI and AD on the network properties is compared horizontally and vertically. It is assumed that from NC to AD is a continuous process of disease development, then the network topology properties (global efficiency and local efficiency) are S variant with the development of the disease. On the one hand, it provides a possible explanation for the previous research on the inconsistent results of AD and NC network topology properties. On the other hand, the methods of building the network are different, the different two values or the time points of the disease selected by the same disease may affect the network comparison, to a certain extent, the understanding of AD The abnormal levels of brain network in the development process provide new scientific evidence.

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.16;TP391.41

【共引文献】