情绪记忆网络年龄及抑郁症相关改变：静息态fMRI研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 08:45

本文选题：情绪记忆 + 功能连接　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究背景及目的情绪记忆又名情绪性唤醒记忆，它是情景记忆的一种类型，情绪性事件更易于被回忆起，称之为情绪性记忆增强效应。随着老龄化的进展，老年人较年轻人认知能力普遍下降，但老年人情绪增强效应依然存在。既往，情绪记忆成像研究多采用任务态功能磁共振成像方法，近年来静息态fMRI得到广泛关注。功能连接主要阐明空间上分离的脑区之间是否存在连接关系以及连接关系的强弱，不具有方向性。基于静息态fMRI的功能连接分析已经应用于人脑感觉、运动、认知及情感机制等功能网络组织结构的研究中。目前运用静息态fMRI研究情绪记忆网络及其他网络之间的联系国内外报道较少，尚没有报道关于静息态fMRI研究情绪记忆网络的年龄相关变化。既往功能网络及结构网络研究表明：静息态功能连接及结构连接具有明显的年龄相关变化。研究显示年龄引起脑功能网络小世界属性的差异性。本研究运用静息态fMRI研究年轻人和老年人情绪记忆网络的小世界基本属性，探讨情绪记忆网络的年龄相关改变；同时检测网络效应与行为学表现之间的关联性。材料和方法健康老年组48名，其中男21名，女27名，年龄范围为55～78岁。健康年轻组40名，其中男20名，女20名，年龄范围为20～32岁。实验材料包括60幅彩色情景图片（情绪和中性情景图片各30幅）；实验过程包括编码和立即提取两个时期。记录行为学再认成绩，并利用3.0T MRI扫描并采集静息态功能数据。利用MATLAB7.12、AFNI和SPSS13.0统计软件包分别对fMRI数据及行为学数据进行相关统计分析。结果(1)行为学结果显示：年轻组对情绪及中性图片再认正确率均比老年组高，平均反应时间缩短（P 0.05）。两组对情绪图片再认正确率均较中性图片正确率高。年轻组年龄与情绪图片（r2=0.22, p0.05）和中性图片（r2=0.18; p0.05）的平均反应正确率呈正相关，老年组年龄与中性图片（r2=0.32, p 0.05）正确率呈负相关，而与情绪记忆增强效应呈正相关（r2=0.17, p0.05）。情绪图片反应正确率与总体年龄呈线性趋势，中性图片反应正确率呈抛物线，情绪记忆增强效应呈U型曲线。 (2)静息态fMRI功能连接结果显示：年轻组与老年组情绪记忆网络功能连接存在显著的年龄差异：内侧颞叶与额顶叶间功能连接即长程连接强度年轻人明显强于老年人，内侧颞叶脑区之间功能连接即短程连接强度老年人明显强于年轻人。两组间网络效应及行为学成绩与年龄存在相关性：年轻组全脑效应高于老年组，二者之间具有显著性差异（p0.01），年轻组与老年组局部效应无显著性差异（p0.01）；年轻人的情绪、中性图片行为学成绩与局部效应呈正相关，老年人行为学成绩与全脑效应呈正相关。年轻组中枢节点有5个，包括右侧杏仁核，左侧梭状回，右侧额中回，右侧前额叶背内侧及右侧岛叶；老年组中枢节点有3个，包括双侧杏仁核及右侧额中回。结论 (1)老年人记忆能力较年轻人显著下降，但情绪记忆增强效应仍然存在。 (2)静息态情绪记忆网络的功能连接存在显著的年龄差异，即随着年龄的增长，长程连接减弱而短程连接增强。 (3)小世界属性和节点中心性亦具有显著的年龄差异：全脑效应年轻人高于老年人，且具有显著性差异；局部效应两组间无显著性差异；年轻人情绪性记忆更多取决于局部效应，老年人则更多取决于全脑效应。两组中枢节点的个数及位置均存在差异，老年人左侧杏仁核网络节点功能代偿性增强。研究背景及目的抑郁症(depression)是一种严重危害人类健康和情感行为的心境障碍性疾病，临床上以显著而持久的心境低落为主要特征，其发病率逐年上升。抑郁症具有记忆“负性偏向作用”这一重要特征，并与“心境一致性记忆理论”相符合。抑郁症具有持续性的悲伤、内疚及无价值观等负性情绪、认知障碍及躯体症状；神经影像学发现这些症状伴随着患者特定脑区的异常激活。既往，研究抑郁症脑区异常多采用任务态fMRI方法，静息态fMRI运用较少。众多脑功能影像研究揭示抑郁症患者存在情感调节环路的功能异常，主要定位于边缘系统-皮层-纹状体-苍白球-丘脑神经环路(limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic, LCSPT)。其中杏仁核、海马、丘脑及前额叶是这一环路的重要组成部分，在情绪调节和传导中起重要作用。与年轻抑郁症患者相比，老年抑郁症患者的学习、记忆及运动系统损坏更为严重。目前关于老年抑郁症情绪记忆网络的研究尚没有明确报道。本研究运用静息态fMRI研究老年抑郁症患者和正常对照组情绪记忆网络的功能连接差异，，并探讨抑郁症情感环路的异常。材料和方法老年抑郁症患者18名，其中男7名，女11名，年龄范围为55～84岁。正常对照组24名，其中男14，女10名，年龄范围为57～82岁。实验材料为240幅彩色情景图片(恐怖、高兴、悲伤、中性情景图片各60张)；实验过程包括编码和立即提取两个时期。记录行为学再认成绩，并利用3.0T MRI扫描并采集静息态功能数据。利用MATLAB7.12、AFNI和SPSS13.0统计软件包分别对fMRI数据及行为学数据进行相关统计分析。结果(1)行为学结果显示：抑郁症各组图片行为学成绩均比对照组减低，抑郁组对恐怖图片记忆成绩最好，高兴图片成绩最低，二者间统计学差异接近显著性（P=0.055）。对照组对恐怖图片记忆成绩最好，悲伤图片成绩最低，与其他组图片比较均有显著性差异（P 0.05）。抑郁组高兴图片成绩低于悲伤图片，对照组高兴图片成绩高于悲伤图片，两组间具有交互作用（P0.05）。 (2)静息态fMRI功能连接结果显示：抑郁症患者与正常对照组情绪记忆网络功能连接存在差异。与正常对照组相比，抑郁症患者功能连接减弱的脑区对有左侧杏仁核与右侧丘脑、右侧杏仁核与左侧额下回、缘上回与前额叶背内侧/前扣带回、颞中回与额中回、丘脑与额下回及左侧额叶眼动区；抑郁症患者功能连接增强的脑区对有左侧海马与左侧颞中回、右侧海马与前额叶腹内侧/前扣带回及右侧额叶眼动区、左侧颞中回与左侧梭状回及左侧额叶眼动区、右侧岛叶与右侧颞中回及右侧额叶眼动区、右侧丘脑及左侧尾状核（P0.05）。抑郁组中枢节点有4个，包括左侧杏仁核，右侧海马，右侧额中回及右侧岛叶。对照组中枢节点有6个，包括双侧杏仁核，右侧顶下小叶，双侧额中回及右侧岛叶。结论 (1)抑郁症患者较正常对照组认知能力下降，且存在情绪记忆“负性偏向作用”。 (2)抑郁症患者与正常对照组情绪记忆网络功能连接存在差异，提示抑郁症患者存在情感环路的功能异常。 (3)抑郁症患者与正常对照组中枢节点的个数及位置均存在差异，抑郁症患者右侧杏仁核及左侧额下回网络节点功能减弱，右侧海马网络节点功能代偿性增强。
[Abstract]:Background and purpose emotional memory, also known as emotional arousal memory, is a type of situational memory, and emotional events are more easily recalled. It is called emotional memory enhancement. With the progress of aging, the cognitive ability of older people is generally decreased, but the emotional enhancement effect of older people still exists. The study of memory imaging mainly uses the task state functional magnetic resonance imaging (tfmri). In recent years, the resting state fMRI has been widely concerned. The functional connection mainly clarifies whether there is a connection relationship between the separated brain regions and the strength of the connection relationship between the space and the connection relationship, and the function connection analysis based on resting state fMRI has been applied to the human brain. In the study of the organizational structure of functional networks, such as dynamic, cognitive and emotional mechanisms, there are few reports at home and abroad using resting state fMRI to study the relationship between emotional memory networks and other networks. There is no report about the age related changes in the resting state fMRI research on emotional memory networks. The study showed that age induced differences in the small world properties of brain functional networks. This study used resting state fMRI to study the basic attributes of the young and elderly emotional memory networks in the small world, and to explore the age-related changes in emotional memory networks; and the detection of the network at the same time. The relationship between effect and behavioral performance.
Materials and methods 48 healthy aged groups, including 21 men and 27 women, 55~78 years of age, 40 in the healthy young group, including 20 men, 20 women and 20~32 years of age. The experimental materials included 60 color scene pictures (30 images of mood and neutral picture), and the experimental process included encoding and extracting two periods. Record line. In order to learn the results of re recognition and use 3.0T MRI to scan and collect resting state function data, the statistical analysis of fMRI data and behavioral data is carried out by using MATLAB7.12, AFNI and SPSS13.0 statistical software packages respectively.
Results (1) the results of behavior study showed that the correct rate of emotion and neutral picture recognition was higher in the young group than in the old group, and the average reaction time was shortened (P 0.05). The correct recognition rate of the two groups was higher than that of the neutral picture. The average response of young group age and mood pictures (r2=0.22, P0.05) and neutral picture (r2=0.18; P0.05) was correct. The rate of the aged group was negatively correlated with the correct rate of the neutral picture (r2=0.32, P 0.05), but positively correlated with the enhancement effect of emotional memory (r2=0.17, P0.05). The correct rate of emotional picture reaction was linear with the overall age, the correct rate of neutral picture reaction was a parabolic line, and the enhancement effect of emotional memory was U curve.
(2) the results of the resting state fMRI functional connection showed that there was a significant age difference between the young group and the elderly group. The functional connection between the medial temporal lobe and the frontal parietal lobe was significantly stronger in the young people than in the elderly. The function connection between the medial temporal lobe brain area and the short distance connection intensity was obviously stronger than the young people. There was a correlation between the two groups of network effects and behavioral scores: the whole brain effect of young group was higher than that of the old group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P0.01), and there was no significant difference in the local effect between the young and the old groups (P0.01); the emotion of the young people, the performance of the neutral picture behavior was positively related to the local effect, and the behavior of the old people. There were 5 central nodes in the young group, including the right amygdala, the left fusiform gyrus, the right frontal gyrus, the right medial prefrontal cortex and the right Island lobe, and 3 central nodes in the elderly group, including bilateral amygdala and right frontal gyrus.
conclusion
(1) the memory ability of the elderly is significantly lower than that of the young, but the effect of emotional memory enhancement still exists.
(2) there is a significant age difference in functional connectivity between resting state and emotional memory networks.
(3) the attributes of the small world and the centrality of the nodes also have significant age differences: the young people of the whole brain are higher than the elderly, and have significant differences; there is no significant difference between the two groups of the local effect; the emotional memory of the young people is more dependent on the local effect, the elderly are more dependent on the whole brain effect. The number of the two groups of central nodes and the number of the central nodes are the number of the two groups of central nodes and the number of the central nodes in the elderly. The locations of the left amygdaloid nodes in the elderly were more compensatory.
Background and objective depression (depression) is a mental disorder that seriously endangers human health and emotional behavior. It is characterized by significant and persistent depression in clinical practice, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Depression has an important feature of memory "negative bias" and "mood congruent memory theory". Depression has persistent sadness, guilt, and value free negative emotion, cognitive impairment and somatomatic symptoms. Neuroimaging found these symptoms associated with abnormal activation of the patient's specific brain area. Previously, the study of abnormal depression in the brain area was mostly using the task state fMRI method, resting state fMRI use less. Studies have revealed that depressive patients have an abnormal function of the emotion regulation loop, which is mainly located in the marginal system - the cortex - striatum - limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic (LCSPT). The amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus and prefrontal lobe are important components of this loop, in emotion regulation and conduction The study, memory, and motor system damage of elderly depressive patients are more serious than those with young depressive patients. There is no clear report on the emotional memory network of senile depression. This study used resting state fMRI to study the function of emotional memory networks in elderly depressive patients and normal control groups. Link differences, and explore the abnormal emotional loop of depression.
Materials and methods 18 aged depressive patients, including 7 men and 11 women, with a range of 55~84 years old, 24 in the normal control group, including 14 men, 10 women and 57~82 years of age. The experimental materials were 240 color scene pictures (terror, happiness, sadness, and 60 sheets of neutral picture); the experimental process included encoding and extracting two immediately. The results were recorded and the 3.0T MRI scanned and the resting state function data were collected. The statistical analysis of fMRI data and behavioral data was carried out by using MATLAB7.12, AFNI and SPSS13.0 statistical software packages respectively.
Results (1) the behavioral results showed that the performance of the depression group was lower than that of the control group, the depression group had the best memory performance on the horror picture memory, the happy picture score was the lowest, the statistical difference between the two groups was close to the significant (P=0.055). The control group was the best for the horror picture memory, the sad picture was the lowest, compared with the other group pictures. There were significant differences (P 0.05). The score of happy picture in the depression group was lower than the sad picture, and the score of the control group was higher than the sad picture, and the two groups had interaction (P0.05).
(2) the resting state fMRI functional connection showed that there were differences in the functional connection of emotional memory network between the depressive patients and the normal control group. Compared with the normal control group, the impaired functional connection of the depressive patients had the left amygdala and the right thalamus, the right amygdala and the left inferior frontal gyrus, the upper margin and the medial / anterior cingulate of the prefrontal lobes. Gyrus, middle temporal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus, thalamus and inferior frontal gyrus and left frontal lobe eye movement area; the functional connection of the depressive patients has the left hippocampus and the left medial temporal gyrus, the right hippocampus and the anterior cingulate gyrus and anterior cingulate gyrus and the right frontal lobes, left middle temporal gyrus and left fusiform gyrus and left frontal lobes, right island and right The lateral temporal gyrus and right frontal lobes, right thalamus and left caudate nucleus (P0.05). There were 4 central nodes in the depression group, including the left amygdala, right hippocampus, right middle frontal gyrus and right Island leaf. There were 6 central nodes in the control group, including bilateral amygdala, right apical lobule, bilateral frontal gyrus and right Island leaf.
conclusion
(1) the cognitive ability of the patients with depression was lower than that of the normal control group, and there was "negative bias" of emotional memory.
(2) the functional connectivity of emotional memory network between patients with depression and normal controls is different.
(3) the number and position of the central node of the patients with depression and the normal control group were different. The function of the right amygdala and the left inferior frontal gyrus was weakened, and the function of the right hippocampal network was compensatory in the patients with depression.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.4;R445.2

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