团体心理干预对初中生车祸创伤后应激障碍效果评价

发布时间：2018-07-17 00:39

【摘要】：目的探讨团体心理干预对初中生目睹班级成员车祸创伤后应激反应、焦虑、抑郁症状的作用,为开展学生突发事件的心理辅导与干预提供依据。方法对石河子市某中学初三年级目睹同班同学遭遇车祸身亡事件者实施团体心理干预方案(3周5次)。用创伤后应激障碍自评量表(PCL-C)、汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)进行测量,比较在干预前、干预1个月及3个月、6个月后各量表得分的变化。结果干预前学生创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状筛查阳性为16.0%,22.0%出现不同程度的焦虑症状,8.0%出现抑郁症状;干预1个月后学生PTSD症状筛查阳性为4.0%,24.0%出现不同程度的焦虑症状,6.0%出现抑郁症状;干预3个月后学生PTSD症状筛查阳性为8.0%,20.0%出现不同程度的焦虑症状,6.0%出现抑郁症状;干预6个月后学生PTSD症状筛查阳性为2.0%,8.0%出现不同程度的焦虑症状,4.0%出现抑郁症状。干预1个月、3个月及6个月后与干预前比较,PCL-C量表B,C,D组得分及总分差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.01);干预3个月及6个月后与干预前比较,HAMA总分及精神得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.01);1个月后与干预前比较,HAMD总分差异有统计学意义(P0.01);3个月后与干预前比较,迟缓得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论目睹班级成员车祸身亡的初中生会出现创伤后应激、焦虑及抑郁症状,施行团体心理干预能缓解症状。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the effect of group psychological intervention on stress response, anxiety and depression of junior middle school students who witnessed class members after traffic accident, and to provide basis for psychological counseling and intervention of students with unexpected events. Methods A group psychological intervention program (5 times in 3 weeks) was carried out for those who saw their classmates die in a car accident in a middle school in Shihezi city. Posttraumatic stress disorder self-rating scale (PCL-C), Hamilton anxiety scale (Hama) and Hamilton depression scale (Hamd) were used to compare the changes of the scores of each scale before and after intervention for 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Results before intervention, the positive rate of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was 16.0% (22.0%) and 8.0% (P < 0.05). One month after intervention, 4.0% (24.0%) had different degree of anxiety and 6.0% had depression, 20.0% (8.0%) had different degree of anxiety and 6.0% had depression after 3 months of intervention. After 6 months of intervention, the positive rate of PTSD symptom screening was 2.0% and 4.0% of the students had different degree of anxiety symptoms and 4.0% of the students had depression symptoms. After 1 month, 3 months and 6 months of intervention, there were significant differences in the scores and total scores of BCL-C scale (P < 0.01), Hama scores and mental scores after 3 months and 6 months of intervention compared with those before intervention (P < 0.01), and there were significant differences in the scores of Hama and psychosis after 3 months and 6 months of intervention compared with those before intervention (P < 0.01). The total score of Hamd after one month was significantly different from that before intervention (P0.01), and after 3 months was compared with that before intervention. The difference of delayed score was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion Post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression may occur in junior high school students who have witnessed the death of class members in car accidents. Group psychological intervention can relieve the symptoms.
【作者单位】：石河子大学医学院护理系;石河子大学医学院第一附属医院康复心理科;
【基金】：“十二五”兵团医药卫生重点领域科技攻关项目(2012BA023)
【分类号】：R749.5

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