北京市心理援助热线有精神障碍诊断史求助者的特征

发布时间：2018-07-17 00:52

【摘要】：目的:分析北京市心理援助热线有精神障碍诊断来电者的特征,以便有针对性地为他们提供热线心理干预服务。方法:应用北京市心理援助热线电脑咨询操作系统收集的资料进行统计分析。数据为2002年12月-2008年12月间拨打北京市心理援助热线的24 217例来电者,根据来电者自我报告是否有精神机构就医诊断史将其分为有精神障碍诊断史组(n=6516)和无精神障碍诊断史组(n=17 701),比较两组在求助问题类型、人口学特征及自杀相关因素上的差异性。结果:有精神障碍诊断组咨询的前五位问题为精神疾病、精神疾病相关知识、家庭关系、工作问题及家庭外的人际关系,在两组中,精神疾病问题均为首个咨询问题;相比之下,女性、20~29岁和30~44岁两个年龄组、教育年限≥10年和非现职者更多见于有精神障碍诊断组。来电者11个自杀相关因素评估结果显示,有精神障碍诊断史组在来电时的自杀意念或行为、既往自杀未遂史、高抑郁情绪、严重躯体疾病、受虐待史、害怕被攻击、亲友自杀行为史、高无望感的出现率均高于无精神障碍诊断史组(P0.001或0.05)。结论:热线咨询员对有精神障碍诊断的来电者进行热线干预时要特别注意评估来电者的抑郁程度以及其他自杀相关因素;为这些人群提供帮助时,要注意识别和处理他们生活中各种应激事件。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the characteristics of psychological help hotline in Beijing to diagnose callers with mental disorders in order to provide psychological intervention services for them. Methods: the data collected by Beijing Psychological Assistance Hotline computer consultation system were statistically analyzed. The data are 24,217 callers who dialed the Beijing Psychological Assistance Hotline between December 2002 and December 2008, The callers were divided into two groups according to whether they had the history of psychiatric institution medical diagnosis (nng6516) and the history of diagnosis without mental disorder (nm17701). The difference of the type of help seeking problem, demographic characteristics and suicide related factors between the two groups was compared. Results: the first five questions for consultation in the diagnosis group with mental disorders were mental illness, related knowledge of mental illness, family relationship, work problem and interpersonal relationship outside the family. In both groups, mental illness problem was the first consultation question. In contrast, women aged 20 to 29 and 30 to 44 years old had more than 10 years of education and were more likely to be in the diagnosis group with mental disorders. The results of 11 suicide-related factors for callers showed that patients with psychiatric disorders had suicidal ideation or behavior at the time of call, previous attempted suicide, high depression, severe physical illness, history of abuse, fear of attack, The incidence of high hopelessness in relatives and friends with suicidal behavior was higher than that in patients without mental disorder (P0.001 or 0.05). Conclusion: hotline counselors should pay special attention to assess the degree of depression and other suicide related factors in callers who are diagnosed with mental disorders. Attention should be paid to the identification and handling of various stress events in their lives.
【作者单位】：北京回龙观医院北京心理危机研究与干预中心;
【基金】：首都临床特色应用研究项目——问题解决治疗在心理危机干预热线中应用的效果评估(Z111107058811075)
【分类号】：R749

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