孤独症谱系障碍的早期危险因素
发布时间:2018-08-07 08:37
【摘要】:目的:探索孤独症谱系障碍患者从出生到18个月期间内的危险因素及与ASD相关的早期发育特征。方法:采用病例对照研究的方法,病例组为天津市各区特殊教育学校及残联附属康复机构中符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册(DSM-Ⅳ)孤独症谱系障碍诊断标准的193例儿童(3~18岁),对照组为来自天津市各区生长发育调查库中与病例组性别年龄匹配的193例正常儿童。采用自编孤独症谱系障碍早期危险因素调查问卷对两组儿童的新生儿及婴儿期疾病史、营养接种状况和早期发育特征进行调查。结果:病例组中新生儿及婴儿期病史中"黄疸"(15.5%vs.5.7%)、"窒息"(10.4%vs.1.0%)、"呼吸窘迫"(2.6%vs.0)和"抽搐惊厥"(9.8%vs.1.6%)的比例均高于正常对照组(均P0.05);营养因素中"1周岁内母乳喂养"的比例低于正常对照组(47.77%vs.76.2%,P0.05);早期发育特征中"对母微笑延迟"(33.2%vs.2.6%)、"抓物延迟"(40.9%vs.2.6%)和"说短语延迟"(71.3%vs.14.6%)的比例高于正常对照组(均P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,早期发育特征中的"对母微笑延迟"(OR=2.06)、"抓物延迟"(OR=1.81)和"说短语延迟"(OR=1.55)3项进入方程;全部因素中,"新生儿黄疸"(OR=1.63)、"新生儿窒息"(OR=2.11)、"抽搐惊厥史"(OR=1.58)、"1周岁内母乳喂养"(OR=0.36)和"对母微笑延迟"(OR=1.52)5项进入方程。结论:新生儿的窒息、黄疸及惊厥抽搐发作可能是孤独症谱系障碍的危险因素,母乳喂养可能是孤独症谱系障碍的保护因素,而"对母微笑延迟"、"抓物延迟"和"说短语延迟"的早期发育特征可能预示患孤独症谱系障碍的风险增加。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the risk factors and early developmental characteristics associated with ASD in patients with autism spectrum disorders from birth to 18 months. Methods: a case-control study was conducted. The case group consisted of 193 children (aged 3 or 18 years) who met the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorders (DSM- 鈪,
本文编号:2169486
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the risk factors and early developmental characteristics associated with ASD in patients with autism spectrum disorders from birth to 18 months. Methods: a case-control study was conducted. The case group consisted of 193 children (aged 3 or 18 years) who met the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorders (DSM- 鈪,
本文编号:2169486
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