太仓市社区老年人群轻度认知功能障碍的调查与分析
发布时间：2018-12-19 21:23
【摘要】：目的 轻度认知功能障碍(Mild Cognitive Impairment,MCI)是老年痴呆的早期表现，MCI的高危因素比较复杂,且预后较差。本研究通过流行病学调查研究，阐明老年人MCI的患病率、危险因素；采用体育锻炼、心理、社会交往、思维锻炼等进行干预，寻找和评估社区老年人MCI干预的有效方法与措施。 方法 对社区内60岁以上老人进行MoCA Version量表和一般健康问题问卷调查。采用病例-对照的流行病学研究方法，确定MCI发生的危险因素。 以社区为干预单位，随机分为干预组和对照组。采用体育锻炼、心理、社会交往、思维锻炼等进行干预，观察老年人MCI的发展结局。在1年后，再次通过筛查，了解MCI的康复、恶化、迁延及生存质量等病情情况。通过比较研究人群的综合干预的效果。 结果 1.去除痴呆、瘫痪、严重脑血管病后遗症导致认知功能障碍者以及拒绝配合调查者调查2460人，轻度认知功能障碍450人，MCI的患病率为18.29%。 2.人口学资料中女性的MCI患病率高于男性（χ2=4.779，P＜0.05）；随着年龄的增长MCI患病率逐步增高（χ2=112.773，P＜0.05）；脑力劳动MCI患病率低于体力劳动（χ2=13.311，P＜0.05）；MCI患病率在不同文化程度之间无显著差异（χ2=0.001，P＞0.05）。 3.疾病史中MCI患病率在高血压之间无显著差异（χ2=0.007，P＞0.05）；在糖尿病之间无显著差异（χ2=0.052，P＞0.05）。 4.社会活动中社区活动、亲友交往、邻居交往、家务劳动、子女交流均有统计学意义（χ2分别为16.668，8.624，，7.857，31.061，16.408， P＜0.05）。 5.生活习惯中吸烟与MCI患病率无显著差异（χ2=1.652，P＞0.05）；与饮酒无显著差异（χ2=3.814，P＞0.05）；与业余爱好有统计学意义（χ2=7.173，P＜0.05）；与体育锻炼有统计学意义（χ2=4.714，P＜0.05）。 结论 1.社区老年人中，存在认知功能障碍的人较多。 2.女性MCI患病率高于男性，随着年龄的增长MCI患病率逐步增高。 3.MCI患病率与高血压、糖尿病的患病无关。 4.参加社区活动、亲友交往多、邻居交往多、家务劳动多、子女交流多、有业余爱好及参加体育锻炼是MCI的保护因素，社区干预应以多开展人际交流、体育锻炼为主。
[Abstract]:Objective mild cognitive impairment (Mild Cognitive Impairment,MCI) is an early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. The high risk factors of MCI are complicated and the prognosis is poor. In this study, the prevalence and risk factors of MCI in the elderly were elucidated by epidemiological investigation, and the effective methods and measures of MCI intervention were found and evaluated by using physical exercise, psychology, social interaction, thinking exercise and so on. Methods MoCA Version scale and general health questionnaire were applied to the elderly over 60 years old in the community. Case-control epidemiological study was used to determine the risk factors of MCI. Community as intervention unit, randomly divided into intervention group and control group. In order to observe the development outcome of MCI in the elderly, physical exercise, psychology, social interaction and thinking exercise were used to intervene. One year later, the patients were screened again to understand the recovery, deterioration, prolongation and quality of life of MCI. The effect of comprehensive intervention was compared. Result 1. Eliminating dementia, paralysis, and sequelae of severe cerebrovascular disease, and refusing to cooperate with investigators to investigate 2460 people with mild cognitive impairment, the prevalence of MCI was 18.29. 2. The prevalence rate of MCI in female was higher than that in male (蠂 ~ 2 = 4.779, P < 0. 05), and the prevalence rate of MCI increased gradually with age (蠂 ~ 2, 112.773, P < 0. 05). The prevalence rate of MCI in mental labor was lower than that in manual labor (蠂 2 + 13.311% P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MCI among different education levels (蠂 2 + 0. 001 P > 0. 05). 3. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MCI between hypertension and diabetes mellitus (蠂 ~ 2 / 0. 007) and diabetes (蠂 ~ 2 / 0. 052 / P > 0. 05). 4. There were significant differences in community activities, relatives and friends, neighbors, housework and children's communication in social activities (蠂 ~ 2 = 16.668 / 8.624 / 7.857 / 31.061 / 16.408, P < 0.05). 5. There was no significant difference between smoking and MCI in life habits (蠂 2 + 1.652P > 0. 05), there was no significant difference between smoking and alcohol consumption (蠂 2 + 3. 814 P > 0. 05), and there was statistical significance between smoking and hobbies (蠂 2 7. 173 P < 0 05), and there was no significant difference between smoking and alcohol consumption (蠂 2 2 = 3. 814 P > 0. 05). There was significant difference between physical exercise and physical exercise (蠂 2, 4.714, P < 0.05). Conclusion 1. Among the elderly in the community, there are more people with cognitive impairment. 2. The prevalence of MCI in women was higher than that in men, and the prevalence of MCI increased with age. The prevalence of 3.MCI was not associated with hypertension and diabetes. 4. Participation in community activities, more contacts between relatives and friends, more neighbors, more housework, more children exchange, have hobbies and participate in physical exercise are the protection factors of MCI, community intervention should focus on more interpersonal communication, physical exercise.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.1
本文编号：2387487
[Abstract]:Objective mild cognitive impairment (Mild Cognitive Impairment,MCI) is an early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. The high risk factors of MCI are complicated and the prognosis is poor. In this study, the prevalence and risk factors of MCI in the elderly were elucidated by epidemiological investigation, and the effective methods and measures of MCI intervention were found and evaluated by using physical exercise, psychology, social interaction, thinking exercise and so on. Methods MoCA Version scale and general health questionnaire were applied to the elderly over 60 years old in the community. Case-control epidemiological study was used to determine the risk factors of MCI. Community as intervention unit, randomly divided into intervention group and control group. In order to observe the development outcome of MCI in the elderly, physical exercise, psychology, social interaction and thinking exercise were used to intervene. One year later, the patients were screened again to understand the recovery, deterioration, prolongation and quality of life of MCI. The effect of comprehensive intervention was compared. Result 1. Eliminating dementia, paralysis, and sequelae of severe cerebrovascular disease, and refusing to cooperate with investigators to investigate 2460 people with mild cognitive impairment, the prevalence of MCI was 18.29. 2. The prevalence rate of MCI in female was higher than that in male (蠂 ~ 2 = 4.779, P < 0. 05), and the prevalence rate of MCI increased gradually with age (蠂 ~ 2, 112.773, P < 0. 05). The prevalence rate of MCI in mental labor was lower than that in manual labor (蠂 2 + 13.311% P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MCI among different education levels (蠂 2 + 0. 001 P > 0. 05). 3. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MCI between hypertension and diabetes mellitus (蠂 ~ 2 / 0. 007) and diabetes (蠂 ~ 2 / 0. 052 / P > 0. 05). 4. There were significant differences in community activities, relatives and friends, neighbors, housework and children's communication in social activities (蠂 ~ 2 = 16.668 / 8.624 / 7.857 / 31.061 / 16.408, P < 0.05). 5. There was no significant difference between smoking and MCI in life habits (蠂 2 + 1.652P > 0. 05), there was no significant difference between smoking and alcohol consumption (蠂 2 + 3. 814 P > 0. 05), and there was statistical significance between smoking and hobbies (蠂 2 7. 173 P < 0 05), and there was no significant difference between smoking and alcohol consumption (蠂 2 2 = 3. 814 P > 0. 05). There was significant difference between physical exercise and physical exercise (蠂 2, 4.714, P < 0.05). Conclusion 1. Among the elderly in the community, there are more people with cognitive impairment. 2. The prevalence of MCI in women was higher than that in men, and the prevalence of MCI increased with age. The prevalence of 3.MCI was not associated with hypertension and diabetes. 4. Participation in community activities, more contacts between relatives and friends, more neighbors, more housework, more children exchange, have hobbies and participate in physical exercise are the protection factors of MCI, community intervention should focus on more interpersonal communication, physical exercise.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.1
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