学龄前困难型气质儿童干预效果的研究

发布时间：2019-04-07 20:41

【摘要】：目的探索建立学龄前困难型气质类型儿童的系统性干预方法。方法对北京市西城区1所幼儿园学前儿童采用《3~7岁儿童气质问卷》评价并确定困难型气质儿童19人,经家长知情同意后,采用家长应对式培训、行为干预和亲子游戏等综合性干预措施。干预8周后重新评价儿童的气质,并采取自编家长反馈表请家长对干预措施进行全面评价。结果干预后儿童气质困难型比例明显下降,比较干预前后气质类型的变化,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);比较干预前后儿童气质维度的变化,在趋避性、适应性、反应强度、情绪本质、注意分散度五个气质维度上出现显著变化(P0.05)。家长反馈结果显示对系统性干预方法满意,实现了家长的预期目标、家长获得了新的信息,且干预内容实用、家长易于接受,100%的家长都支持小组活动的干预形式。结论采用简单易行、家长易于接受的干预方法,能使困难型气质儿童的趋避性、适应性、反应强度情绪本质及注意分散维度发生一定程度的改变。
[Abstract]:Objective to establish a systematic intervention method for preschool children with difficult temperament type. Methods A preschool child in Xicheng District of Beijing was evaluated and 19 children with difficult temperament were evaluated with < 3-7-year-old child temperament questionnaire. With the informed consent of their parents, the parents' corresponding training was adopted, and 19 children with difficult temperament were evaluated by the questionnaire of temperament of children aged less than 3 years old. Comprehensive intervention measures such as behavioral intervention and parent-child games. After 8 weeks of intervention, the temperament of the children was re-evaluated, and the parents were asked to evaluate the intervention comprehensively by using the self-made parent feedback form. Results the proportion of children with temperament difficulties decreased significantly after intervention, and the difference was statistically significant before and after intervention (P < 0. 000). The changes of temperament dimensions before and after intervention showed significant changes in five temperament dimensions: avoidance adaptability response intensity emotional essence and attention dispersion (P0.05). The results of parents' feedback showed that they were satisfied with the systematic intervention method, achieved the expected goal of parents, obtained new information, and the content of intervention was practical, parents were easy to accept, and 100% of parents supported the intervention form of group activities. Conclusion the intervention method, which is simple and easy to be accepted by parents, can change the tendency, adaptability, emotional essence and attention dispersion of children with difficult temperament to a certain extent.
【作者单位】：北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心;首都儿科研究所;
【分类号】：R749.94

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