复发性抑郁缓解期个体注意偏向的眼动及认知干预实验研究

发布时间：2019-05-16 05:37

【摘要】：目的：（1）探讨复发性抑郁缓解期个体对情绪面孔是否存在注意偏向及其注意偏向机制。（2）通过注意力训练实验，探讨该训练是否能引导复发性抑郁缓解期个体对消极刺激的注意有所减少。方法：选用Beck抑郁自评量表（BDI）筛选出正常个体24人和抑郁情绪个体21人,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HDRS-17）筛选复发性抑郁缓解期个体24人。本研究分为两个实验。实验一为眼动实验，选用情绪面孔图片作为实验材料，通过分析实验参与者的眼动指标来探讨复发性抑郁缓解期个体的注意偏向机制；实验二为认知干预实验，通过比较实验参与者在注意力训练前后的注意偏向特点，探讨注意力训练能否有效地使实验参与者表现出对消极图片的选择性回避。结果：（1）正常组和复发性抑郁缓解组被试在未到达兴趣区之前的注视时间上差异不大，而抑郁情绪组被试在未到达悲伤表情图片之前注视时间明显小于高兴表情图片。（2）正常组被试对高兴表情面孔的首视点持续时间与悲伤表情面孔的首视点持续时间没有差异，抑郁情绪组被试对高兴表情面孔的首视点持续时间大于悲伤表情面孔的首视点持续时间，复发性抑郁缓解组被试对高兴表情面孔的首视点持续时间小于悲伤表情面孔的首视点持续时间。（3）对于高兴表情面孔图片，三组被试在注视点个数上没有差异。对于悲伤表情面孔图片，在注视点个数上抑郁组要多于缓解组，缓解组要多于正常组。（4）对于高兴情绪面孔图片，总注视时间正常组大于抑郁组，抑郁组大于缓解组；对于悲伤情绪面孔图片，在总注视时间上缓解组要大于抑郁组，抑郁组要大于正常组。（5）与训练前相比，三组被试在注意力训练之后对图像消极部分的注视点个数明显减少，对图像消极部分的注视时间明显减少。结论：（1）复发性抑郁缓解期个体对情绪面孔图片存在注意偏向，且注意偏向的模式在悲伤面孔和高兴面孔之间存在差异。对悲伤面孔表现为一种注意警觉—注意维持的模式，对高兴面孔表现为注意回避的行为模式。（2）注意力训练不论对于正常个体、抑郁情绪个体还是复发性抑郁缓解个体都是有效的。正常个体和缓解期个体在积极训练条件下，与训练前相比，他们在训练后对消极刺激的注意都明显减少，，然而这样的训练效果在中性训练条件下并没有表现出来。
[Abstract]:Objective: (1) to investigate whether there is attention bias and its mechanism to emotional face in individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression. (2) through attention training experiment, To explore whether this training can guide individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression to pay less attention to negative stimuli. Methods: 24 normal individuals and 21 depressed individuals were selected by Beck self-rating depression scale (BDI), and 24 individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression were screened by Hamilton depression scale (HDRS-17). This study is divided into two experiments. The first experiment was eye movement experiment. Emotional face pictures were selected as experimental materials to explore the mechanism of attention bias in individuals in remission stage of recurrent depression by analyzing the eye movement indexes of the participants in the experiment. The second experiment is cognitive intervention experiment. By comparing the characteristics of attention bias before and after attention training, this paper discusses whether attention training can effectively make the experimental participants show selective avoidance of negative pictures. Results: (1) there was no significant difference in the fixation time between the normal group and the recurrent depression remission group before reaching the region of interest, but the fixation time in the depression group was significantly lower than that in the happy expression picture before reaching the sad expression picture. (2) there was no difference in the first view duration between the happy expression face and the sad expression face in the normal group. In the depression group, the first view duration of the happy expression face was longer than that of the sad expression face. In the recurrent depression remission group, the first view duration of happy facial expression was less than that of sad facial face. (3) for the pictures of happy faces, there was no difference in the number of gaze points among the three groups. For sad facial images, the number of gaze points in depression group was more than that in remission group, and that in remission group was more than that in normal group. (4) for the picture of happy emotional face, the total fixation time of normal group was longer than that of depression group, and that of depression group was larger than that of remission group, and for the picture of sad emotional face, the total fixation time of remission group was larger than that of depression group, and that of depression group was larger than that of normal group. (5) compared with before training, the number of fixation points on the negative part of the image decreased significantly and the fixation time on the negative part of the image decreased significantly in the three groups after attention training. Conclusion: (1) in the remission stage of recurrent depression, individuals have attention bias to emotional face pictures, and the pattern of attention bias is different between sad face and happy face. For sad faces, it is a pattern of attention vigilance and maintenance, and for happy faces, it is a pattern of attention avoidance. (2) attention training is effective for normal individuals, depressed individuals and individuals with recurrent depression relief. Under the condition of active training, both normal individuals and individuals in remission stage paid less attention to negative stimuli after training than before training, but the training effect did not show under the condition of neutral training.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.4;B842

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