5775例口腔颌面部肿瘤的临床病理分析

发布时间：2018-02-06 04:31

本文关键词： 肿瘤口腔颌面部临床病理　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:对青岛大学附属医院口腔颌面外科近24年的住院患者进行回顾性研究,分析口腔颌面部肿瘤的临床病理特点,为口腔颌面部肿瘤的预防和治疗工作提供有力的支持与依据。材料与方法:选取青岛大学附属医院口腔颌面外科近24年的住院手术患者的资料,将口腔颌面部疾病分为八大类:感染、损伤、肿瘤、涎腺疾病、神经疾患、颞下颌关节疾病、先天性畸形、其它类。将临床资料进行归类、统计,回顾性研究、分析其年龄、性别、构成比等临床资料,对口腔颌面部肿瘤的临床病理情况,如发病部位、年龄组等,进行全面、系统的分析、研究。结果:青岛大学附属医院口腔颌面部外科1990年1月1日~2013年12月31日期间,收治住院患者总计16694例,其中男性10184例,女性6510例,男女之比为1.57:1。年住院患者呈上升趋势,从1990年全年的176人,到2013年全年的1447人,增长了8.2倍,近6年尤为明显。前三位的疾病类别是:口腔颌面部肿瘤(5775例,34.6%),先天性畸形(3988例,24%),涎腺疾病(3455例,20.8%),前三位疾病占全部病例的79.4%。口腔颌面部肿瘤患者中,囊肿1313例(23.1%),良性肿瘤及瘤样病变2077例(35%),恶性肿瘤2385例(41.9%)。口腔鳞状细胞癌共计1455例,占恶性肿瘤总数的61%。口腔鳞状细胞癌中,51-60岁年龄段为发病高峰,共计448例(30.8%),其次为61-70岁年龄段(422例,29%)、71-80岁年龄段(207例,14.2%)、41-50岁年龄段(208例,14.3%)。在口腔鳞状细胞癌的好发部位中,舌癌所占比例最高(419例,28.8%),其次为牙龈癌(283例,19.4%)、唇癌(164例,11.3%)、口底癌(154例,10.6%)、口咽癌(142例,9.8%)、颊癌(114例,7.8%)。65岁以上住院患者占总患病人数的10%,其构成比也呈上升趋势,65岁以上住院患者的首位疾病是口腔颌面部肿瘤(986例,55.1%),其次为涎腺疾病(431例,24.1%),肿瘤中恶性肿瘤729例(74%),明显多于良性肿瘤,恶性肿瘤占全部老年患者的40.7%,良恶性肿瘤之比为1:3.84。结论:1.住院患者口腔颌面部疾病中,构成比前三位的依次是口腔颌面部肿瘤、先天性畸形、涎腺疾病。2.住院患者口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤中,构成比最高的是鳞状细胞癌,好发部位依次为舌、牙龈、唇、口底、口咽部、颊部。3.65岁以上患者在住院患者中所占的比例呈上升趋势,65岁以上住院患者的口腔颌面部疾病中肿瘤所占比重最高,恶性肿瘤明显多于良性肿瘤。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the clinicopathological features of oral and maxillofacial tumors in the recent 24 years of oral and maxillofacial surgery in the affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Materials and methods: materials and methods: the data of 24 years of inpatient operation in oral and maxillofacial surgery of Qingdao University affiliated Hospital were selected to provide effective support and basis for the prevention and treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors. The oral and maxillofacial diseases were divided into eight categories: infection, injury, tumor, salivary gland disease, neuropathy, temporomandibular joint disease, congenital malformation and other types. To analyze the clinical data of oral and maxillofacial tumors, such as the location of the disease, age group and so on. Results: from January 1st 1990 to December 31st 2013, a total of 16694 inpatients were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery in the affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Among them, 10184 males and 6510 females, the ratio of males to females was 1.57: 1.The number of hospitalized patients increased from 1990 to 1990. By 2013, 1,447 people had increased by 8.2-fold, especially in the past six years. The first three diseases were: oral and maxillofacial tumors in 5775 cases. There were 3988 cases of congenital malformation and 3455 cases of salivary gland diseases. The first three diseases accounted for 79.44.The patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors. There were 1313 cases of cysts, 2077 cases of benign tumors and tumor-like lesions, 2385 cases of malignant tumors, 1455 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was the highest in 51-60 years old (448 cases, 30.8%), followed by 41-70 years old (422 cases). A total of 207 cases from 71 to 80 years of age were diagnosed as 14.3 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), including 208 cases of 41-50 years of age and 208 cases of OSCC (41-50 years old), which were most common in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The proportion of tongue cancer was the highest in 419 cases (28.8%), followed by gingival carcinoma (283 cases) and 19.4C, lip cancer (164 cases) and fundus carcinoma (154 cases). 10.6%, 142 cases of oropharyngeal carcinoma and 114 cases of buccal carcinoma accounted for 10% of the total number of patients aged above 65 years old. The first disease of inpatients over 65 years of age was oral and maxillofacial neoplasms in 986 cases, followed by salivary gland diseases in 431 cases (24. 1%). 729 cases of malignant tumor were more than that of benign tumor. Malignant tumor accounted for 40.7% of all the elderly patients. The ratio of benign and malignant tumors is 1: 3.84. Conclusion 1. Among the diseases of oral and maxillofacial region, the first three are oral and maxillofacial tumors and congenital malformations. Salivary gland disease .2. among the malignant tumors of oral and maxillofacial region, the highest proportion is squamous cell carcinoma, and the most common sites are tongue, gingiva, lip, floor of mouth, oropharynx. The proportion of buccal patients over 65 years old in inpatients showed an increasing trend. The proportion of oral and maxillofacial diseases in patients over 65 years old was the highest, and malignant tumors were more than benign ones.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R739.8

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