胸锁乳突肌在正中紧咬以及咀嚼运动中的肌电活动规律研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 07:24

本文关键词： 咬合 T-Scan 咬肌胸锁乳突肌表面肌电信号咬合力下颌运动轨迹描记仪　出处：《第四军医大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：胸锁乳突肌(sternocleidomastoid muscle,SCM)的主要功能之一是产生头颈运动,颈肌与咀嚼肌构成不同层级的肌链[1]。胸锁乳突肌是否也参与了咀嚼运动,其与咬肌功能活动以及咬合力水平、咀嚼时相有怎样的关系尚不清楚。由于咬肌功能活动与咬合密切相关,如果胸锁乳突肌与咬肌功能相关,无疑将对颈椎功能紊乱病的咬合病因研究提供重要线索。本研究采用T-scan III咬合记录仪和Bio EMG III肌电图仪,同步记录25名健康受试者的SCM肌电值,分析在不同程度咬合力时SCM肌电值与自主最大紧咬(maximal voluntary clenching,MVC)时肌电值的比值的变化,并以咬肌(masseter muscles,MM)为参照,探索在牙尖交错位作最大紧咬的过程中,SCM肌电水平与咬合力之间的关系;然后采用Bio EMG III肌电图仪和下颌运动轨迹描记仪(EGN),同步记录20名健康受试者单侧咀嚼运动时的双侧SCM和MM的肌电及咀嚼运动轨迹,分析、比较SCM和MM肌电峰值在咀嚼运动轨迹上的所处位置。结果表明:1、MVC时,不仅双侧MM而且双侧SCM都有明显的肌电活动,左右侧SCM及MM肌电值均无明显差异;SCM肌电幅值约为MM的9.13±4.77%~10.23±6.47%;SCM及MM的肌电比值在达到最大咬合力的75%之前均呈逐渐增高趋势,但从最大咬合力的75%水平至MVC时肌电值显著下降(P0.05)。2、单侧咀嚼时,双侧SCM与MM均在最终咀嚼位(TCP)之前出现峰值电位,但SCM的肌电峰值水平很小,在单侧咀嚼时仅为MM的6.95±3.48%~7.78±4.57%;平衡侧SCM的肌电早于平衡侧和工作侧MM肌电达峰,而工作侧SCM与双侧MM肌电峰值出现的时间没有明显差异。由于对称性正中紧咬时SCM与MM表现出同步活动特征,而非对称的单侧咀嚼时SCM与MM峰值电位不同步,平衡侧SCM峰值电位提前发生,以稳定头颈姿势,为咬肌发挥咀嚼力提供稳定的颈部姿势环境。因此本文得出以下结论:1、SCM参与了正中紧咬和咀嚼运动,在正中紧咬和咀嚼运动中,SCM与MM具有协同作用关系。2、平衡侧SCM在单侧咀嚼时头颈姿势的稳定方面发挥着重要作用。
[Abstract]:The sternocleidomastoid muscle (sternocleidomastoid muscle SCM) is one of the main functions of head and neck movement, muscle and masseter muscles constitute different levels of muscle chain [1]. chest sternocleidomastoid muscle is involved in mastication, the masseter muscle and functional activity and bite force, chewing is what kind of relationship is not clear. Because of the masseter muscle functional activity and occlusion are closely related, if the sternocleidomastoid muscle and masseter muscle function, will undoubtedly cause study on occlusal disorders of the cervical spine disease provide important clues. This study uses T-scan III and Bio EMG III occlusion recorder EMG instrument, simultaneous recording of SCM EMG in 25 healthy subjects, analysis in different degree when the SCM value of EMG and bite force independent (maximal voluntary clenching, the largest set of MVC) when the ratio of the value of EMG changes in masseter muscle (masseter, muscles, MM) as a reference, to explore in the intercuspal position During maximal clenching in SCM EMG level and bite force were discussed; then using Bio EMG III electromyography and mandibular kinesiography (EGN), electromyography recorded 20 healthy subjects unilateral mastication and bilateral SCM MM and chewing movement, analysis, comparison and SCM the MM peak position in masticatory EMG trajectories. The results showed that: 1, MVC, MM and EMG activity not only bilateral had bilateral SCM, left and right side of the SCM and MM EMG values were not significantly different; SCM EMG amplitude was about 9.13 of MM + 4.77%~10.23 + 6.47%; the ratio of SCM and EMG before MM in the maximum bite force of 75% showed a gradually increasing trend, but the maximum bite force level of 75% to MVC EMG value decreased significantly (P0.05).2, unilateral mastication, bilateral SCM and MM are in the final position (TCP) before chewing peak potential, but EMG peak of SCM. The level of value is very small, the chewing is only 6.95 of MM + 3.48%~7.78 + 4.57%; balance EMG side SCM earlier than the balance side and work side MM EMG peak, there was no significant difference between the working side SCM and bilateral MM EMG peak time. Due to the symmetry of the median SCM and MM showed the clenching synchronization activity characteristics, rather than the SCM and MM peak voltage is not synchronous symmetrical unilateral chew, balanced side SCM peak potential occur in advance to stabilize the head and neck posture, to provide a stable neck posture of masseter muscle play environment masticatory force. So this paper draws the following conclusions: 1, SCM in the median clenching and chewing movement, in the middle of clenching and masticatory movement, SCM and MM has a synergistic effect between.2, plays an important role in stabilizing the balance side of head and neck SCM in unilateral mastication posture.

【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R782.63

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