中国北方正常年轻成人的软组织侧貌角度分析

发布时间：2018-03-19 18:47

本文选题：自然头位　切入点：标准化照片　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前，对于正畸和正颌外科医生而言，X线头影测量分析是患者诊断、治疗的重要依据，而对于患者来说，特别是年轻成人，他们在功能改善的同时更期望获得面型的美观。然而多项研究表明，面部的软硬组织形态并非完全一致，软组织一方面可以掩盖硬组织的某些缺陷，有时也可以将这部分缺陷进一步放大。因此，软组织侧貌的研究日渐成为正畸正颌领域的一个重要研究方向。实验目的：自然头位下拍摄，获得中国北方正常年轻成人的软组织侧貌照片，测量各部位的角度值并加以分析，建立一个关于中国北方正常年轻成人的软组织侧貌角度值的基本数据库，为正畸和正颌外科医师提供临床参考。实验方法：实验对象的选择为吉林大学新民校区将近5000名学生，初筛选由两名实验人员进行，选取标准为中国北方人、口内咬合关系良好，前牙覆合、覆盖基本正常，磨牙关系为Ⅰ类，中线基本无偏移等，从中选出155名基本符合标准的人，然后再由5名普通人和5名专业的正畸医师组成的评委会筛选出他们认为侧貌比例协调者，最终的实验对象的选择应为至少5人认同，才能被纳入。在筛选时，尽量只关注面部比例是否协调，而将影响到评价的主观因素（如眼睛）去除。按照以上标准，共选取出实验对象113名（女67名，男46名），年龄范围是18~30岁，平均年龄为23岁。在严格的拍摄标准下，放置铅垂线和尺度工具来确保照片的放大率为1:1，以最大可能减小照片的变形率，而铅垂线被认为是真正垂直于水平地平面的线，并以此作为参考线对面部突度进行分析，拍摄自然头位下的照片。通过Coreldraw软件，对软组织侧貌进行定点测量分析，共测量面部角度12项。所得数据使用SPSS17.0统计软件进行处理分析并比较男女之间的性别差异。使用Dahlberg’s公式检测测量方法的可靠性。结果：本次研究得到了中国北方正常年轻成人软组织侧貌角度的最大值、最小值、平均值及标准差。平均值结果显示除垂直鼻角外，女性的角度评价值多数比男性偏大，说明女性的面部轮廓更显柔和。鼻唇角，颏唇角的标准差比较大，说明个体之间这些值差异比较大。男女之间的面部角度存在明性别差异的角度有6个，分别是前鼻角（G-N-Prn）、鼻尖角（N-Prn/Sn-Cm）、垂直鼻角（Prn-N/TVL）、颏唇角（Li-Sm-Pg）、面凸角（G-Sn-Pg）、全面凸角（G-Prn-Pg）、上三角（Pg-G-Prn）。本研究显示除鼻唇角、颏唇角、下面角外，各角度测量的方法误差均不大，说明该测量方法是可行的。鼻唇角、颏唇角、下面角的方法误差较大可能是由于定点各点距离比较接近所致也可能是由于鼻小柱点和颏下点难以定点所致。结论：女性角度的平均值多数比男性偏大。软组织侧貌有的角度存在明显性别差异，，在临床正畸和正颌外科制定诊断治疗计划时需注意性别差异。鼻唇角和颏唇角的标准差和方法误差均比较大，临床应用时应慎重。
[Abstract]:At present, for orthodontics and orthognathic surgeons, cephalometric analysis is an important basis for the diagnosis and treatment of patients, but for patients, especially young adults, While improving their function, they are more likely to get the appearance of the face. However, several studies have shown that the hard and soft tissues of the face are not exactly the same in shape, and on the one hand, the soft tissue can cover up some defects in the hard tissue. Sometimes these defects can be further magnified. Therefore, the study of soft tissue profile is becoming an important research direction in orthodontic orthognathic field. Objective: to obtain the soft tissue profile photos of normal young adults in northern China, and to measure the angle values of different parts and analyze them. To establish a basic database of soft tissue profile angle of normal young adults in North China to provide clinical reference for orthodontics and orthognathic surgeons. Methods: the subjects were selected as nearly 5000 students in Xinmin Campus of Jilin University. The initial screening was carried out by two experimenters. The selection criteria were northern Chinese, with good oral occlusion, close anterior teeth, and normal coverage. The molar relationship was classified as Class I, and there was basically no deviation in the middle line. 155 people who basically met the criteria were selected, and then selected by a jury composed of five ordinary people and five orthodontists who specialized in orthodontics to select those who they thought were in line with the profile ratio. The final selection of subjects should be identified with at least five people to be included. When screening, try to focus only on whether the facial proportion is coordinated, and remove the subjective factors (such as the eyes) that affect the evaluation. In accordance with the above criteria, A total of 113 subjects (67 females and 46 males) were selected. The age range was 1830 years, with an average age of 23 years. Plumb lines and scale tools are placed to ensure a magnification of 1: 1 to minimize the distortion of the photos, which are considered to be truly perpendicular to the horizontal plane and are used as reference lines for the analysis of facial protrusions. The soft tissue profile was measured and analyzed by Coreldraw software. A total of 12 items of facial angle were measured. The data were processed and analyzed by SPSS17.0 statistical software and the gender differences between men and women were compared. The reliability of the measurement method was tested by Dahlberg's formula. Results: in this study, the maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of soft tissue profile angle of normal young adults in North China were obtained. It shows that the facial contour of women is softer. The standard deviation of nose-lip angle and genial-labial angle is relatively large, which indicates that there are large differences in these values among individuals. There are six different angles of facial angle between men and women. They are G-N-Prng, N-Prn / Sn-CmN, Prn-N- / TVLV, Li-Sm-PgP, G-Sn-Pg, G-Prn-Pgn, Pg-Pg-Prnn, and Pg-Pg-Prnn, respectively, in the anterior nasal horn, in the tip of the nose, in the vertical-nasal angle, in the upper triangle, in the chin and lip, in the chin lip, in G-Sn-Pg, in the upper triangle, in the upper triangle, and in the upper triangle. This study shows that the errors of all the angles except the nose-lip angle, the genial-labial angle and the lower angle are small, which shows that the measurement method is feasible, the nose-lip angle, the genial-labial angle, the nose-lip angle, the genial-labial angle, The error of the lower angle may be due to the close distance between the different points of the fixed point or the difficulty of fixing the nasal column and the submental point. Conclusion: the average angle of female is larger than that of male. In clinical orthodontics and orthognathic surgery, attention should be paid to gender differences in the diagnosis and treatment plan. The standard deviation and method error of nose-lip angle and genial-labial angle are large, so we should be careful in clinical application.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R783.5

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