喀什市3-5岁维吾尔族和汉族婴幼儿龋流行病学调查分析

发布时间：2018-04-10 18:00

本文选题：婴幼儿龋 + 患龋率　；参考：《新疆医科大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解喀什市3-5岁维吾尔族和汉族儿童婴幼儿龋患病状况,为两民族乳牙龋病的防治提供流行病学依据及龋病分子水平上的深入研究奠定基础。方法：根据世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》和第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,本研究采用随机、多阶段、分层、整群抽样方法,抽取喀什市城乡10所幼儿园1019名3-5岁维吾尔族、汉族儿童进行口腔流行病学检查,记录患龋率、龋均和充填率等指标；用SPSS17.0统计软件包进行统计学分析,不同年龄段、不同民族、不同性别和城乡儿童婴幼儿龋患龋率的比较采用Pearson卡方检验,不同年龄段、不同民族、不同性别和城乡儿童婴幼儿龋龋均的比较采用非参数秩和检验。结果：喀什市1019名儿童维汉婴幼儿龋患龋率为74.58%,龋均为4.044±3.83,总患龋牙数为4114颗。(1)患龋率在年龄段分布上差异有统计学意义(P0.05)：患龋率及龋均在维吾尔族和汉族之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),患龋率及龋均在不同性别和城乡之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)；(2)重型婴幼儿龋患龋率为38.47%,龋均为7.97±2.94,城乡儿童患龋率之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05),农村儿童重型幼儿龋患龋率高于城市儿童。(3)龋齿的充填率为0.73%,在不同民族和城乡分布上差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；(4)样本中所有儿童患龋率最高的牙位是下颌第二乳磨牙。结论：喀什市3-5岁儿童乳牙患龋早,患龋率高,婴幼儿龋患龋率随着年龄的增长呈增高趋势,龋均较高,充填率低,重型婴幼儿龋患龋率高。建议早期开展儿童乳牙龋病防治工作,对目标儿童进行定期检查,及进行干预和治疗。加强维汉双语口腔卫生宣教工作,尤其在维吾尔族聚居区的农村进行各种形式的宣传,以提高口腔保健意识,对研究维吾尔族儿童口腔疾病的防治具有重要的实际意义。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence of infant caries in children of Uygur and Han nationality aged 3-5 years in Kashi City, and to provide epidemiological basis for the prevention and treatment of caries in primary teeth of both nationalities and to lay a foundation for further study on the molecular level of caries.Methods: according to the World Health Organization (WHO) basic methods of Oral Health Survey and the third National Oral Health Epidemiology Survey, random, multi-stage, stratified, cluster sampling was used in this study.A total of 1019 Uygur and Han children aged 3-5 years from 10 kindergartens in rural and urban areas of Kashi city were selected for oral epidemiological examination to record the incidence of caries, caries average and filling rate, and to carry out statistical analysis with SPSS17.0 software package.Pearson chi-square test was used to compare the caries rate of children of different nationalities, different genders and urban and rural children, and nonparametric rank sum test was used to compare the caries rate of infants and children of different ages, nationalities, genders and urban and rural children.Results: the caries rate of 1019 Uyghan infants in Kashi city was 74.58, the average caries were 4.044 卤3.83, and the total number of teeth was 4114.) there was significant difference in the age distribution between Uygur and Han nationality.The filling rate of caries in severe children was higher than that in urban children (0.73). There were significant differences in the distribution of different nationalities and between urban and rural areas (P < 0.05). The highest dental caries rate of all children was mandibular second primary molars.Conclusion: the caries rate of children aged 3-5 years in Kashi city is early and the incidence of caries is high. The rate of caries in infants and children increases with the increase of age, the caries average is higher, the filling rate is low, and the caries rate of severe infants is high.It is suggested that early prevention and treatment of primary dental caries should be carried out, and the target children should be checked regularly, and intervention and treatment should be carried out.It is of great practical significance to study the prevention and treatment of oral diseases of Uygur children by strengthening the oral health education in both Uygur and Chinese languages and carrying out various forms of propaganda in the rural areas where the Uygur nationality live in the concentrated areas in order to raise the awareness of oral health care.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R788.1

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