下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者的牙颌面形态研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 07:33

  本文选题：下颌恒切牙 + 先天性缺失　； 参考：《郑州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景 当前社会人类牙齿的先天性缺失呈上升趋势，牙齿的先天性缺失给人们带来了美观、功能甚至是心理方面的问题。随着经济发展、生活压力增大以及人们对生活质量要求的提高，先天性缺牙所带来的诸多问题也越显突出。下颌切牙在我国人群中有着较高的缺失率，且因发生位置的特殊性对患者的影响较大。本文从正畸学方面对下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者进行牙颌面形态和矫治方法的研究，旨在发现和总结该类患者的特点 目的 实验一是通过研究下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者的牙合特征、颌面形态特征，探讨下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙对牙颌面生长发育的影响。实验二是通过比较下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者拔牙矫治前后的牙颌面形态，探讨该类患者的矫治方法。 方法 实验一：选择27例下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙的患者，通过临床检查、X线头影测量和模型分析的方法，将下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙的患者的颅颌特征、牙牙合特点与正常人群进行比较，并采用SPSS17.0统计软件对数据进行统计学处理。 实验二：选择12例下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙的患者，采用上颌拔除双侧第一前磨牙与下颌不拔牙的矫治方法进行治疗，通过X线头影测量分析的方法，，将拔牙矫治前后的牙颌面特征进行比较，并采用SPSS17.0统计软件对数据进行统计学处理。 结果 实验一：27例下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者中男性有9例，占33.3%，女性有18例，占66.7%，男女比为1:2；其中侧切牙缺失17例，占63.0%，中切牙缺失10例，占37.0%；矢状面型构成比：Ⅰ类51.9%、Ⅱ类44.4%、Ⅲ类3.7%，垂直面型构成比：高角型18.5%、均角型51.9%、低角型29.6%；牙合型构成比：Ⅰ类51.9%、Ⅱ类33.3%、Ⅲ类14.8%，错牙合类型发生率：深覆牙合74.1%、深覆盖88.9%、散在间隙14.8%、牙列拥挤63.0%；Bolton指数情况是：前牙比为65.4%，全牙比为85.0%，前牙比和全牙比均小于正常值。头影测量方面男女两组各测量值间均无统计学差异(p＞0.05)，与正常值比较，骨性指标中Y轴角变大，有显著性统计学差异(p0.01)，SNB变小、ANB变大，有统计学差异(p0.05)；牙性指标中L1-NB(mm)有统计学差异(p0.05)；软组织指标中LLP(mm)有统计学差异(p0.05)。 实验二：12例下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者矫治效果良好；头影测量指标中，于治疗前相比骨性指标中Y轴角变大，有显著性统计学差异(p0.01)；牙性指标中U1-SN变小、U1-NA(mm)距变小、U1-L1变大，有显著性统计学差异(p0.01)；软组织指标中ULP(mm)距变小，有显著性统计学差异(p0.01)。 结论 下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者女性比男性多发，侧切牙缺失率高于中切牙；矢状面型以Ⅰ类面型为主，Ⅱ类面型比例增多，垂直面型主要表现为均角面型；牙合型主要表现为Ⅰ类，下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者主要变现为深覆盖、深覆牙合、牙列拥挤的错牙合类型，而牙列中散在间隙的情况较少；下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙患者的颌面部生长发育男女之间无差异，与正常人群之间有差异，主要表现为下颌前牙区牙槽骨发育不足，下颌向下后旋转，下颌切牙唇突度不足，下唇突度不足。减数拔牙矫治可以改善患者的牙合关系和面型。
[Abstract]:background
The current social human tooth congenital missing teeth is rising, congenital absence brings beauty to people, even psychological problems. With the development of economy, the life pressure and the improvement of people's living standard, many problems of congenital missing teeth with the mandibular incisors is more remarkable. There is a high loss rate in the Chinese population, and because of the special position of great influence on patients. Study the dentofacial morphology and treatment methods of mandibular incisor congenital absence of a patient to learn from this paper aims to discover and summarize the orthodontic, characteristics of the patients
objective
The first experiment is through the study of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor with occlusal features, facial morphology characteristics, to explore the effect of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor on the growth and development of dentofacial. Experiment two by comparing the mandibular congenital absence of a constant dentofacial morphology before and after incisor extraction treatment patients, study treatment method of this kind of patients.
Method
Experiment one: 27 cases of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor of patients by clinical examination, method of cephalometric analysis and model, the craniomaxillary characteristics of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor with the occlusal characteristics and normal people were compared and analyzed by using SPSS17.0 statistical software on the data.
Experiment two: 12 cases of congenital absence of a mandibular incisor with the treatment methods of maxillary first premolar and mandibular bilateral extraction of the non extraction treatment, by means of cephalometric analysis, the characteristics of maxillofacial extraction treatment was compared, and the use of SPSS17.0 statistical software for statistical processing of data.
Result
瀹為獙涓

本文编号：1743521