种植体在牙周病缺失牙修复治疗中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 19:52

【摘要】：目的:牙周病会造成牙龈红肿、牙周组织破坏,进一步发展将导致咬合不稳定及牙齿移位。不当的咬合力会造成咬合关系紊乱,牙槽骨的破坏会造成牙齿冠根比例失调,从而导致继发性咬合创伤。因此,控制继发性咬合创伤是牙周病缺失牙修复治疗的首要任务。常规的治疗方案是使用可摘局部义齿,进行跨弓式设计,让牙龈粘膜和牙根受力均匀,从而降低牙槽骨吸收速度,且能提高义齿稳定性。随着口腔种植技术的不断发展,使种植治疗的成功率显着提升,也为牙周病缺失牙修复治疗提供了一种新的手段。本研究的目的是,通过对临床病例的观察和分析,探讨种植体辅助的不同修复方式,在牙周炎造成牙缺失患者修复治疗中的临床效果。方法:本论文收集10例病例,收集资料时间为2012年2月至2015年10月。患者均被确诊为轻度至重度牙周炎,且口内缺失牙采用种植体辅助修复形式。其中固定义齿修复病例5例,固定可摘义齿修复病例1例,可摘覆盖义齿修复病例4例。除了种植牙植入手术外,治疗过程中还使用了冠延长术,牙周翻瓣术,截根术、牙半切术的手术方式有等不同设计的重建病例。修复结束后半年,对患者进行了追踪随访。对各种修复方式的费用花销、种植体状况、美观程度、咀嚼功能和使用便利性等指标进行了观测和评估。结果:通过对这10个病例的费用花销、种植体状况、美观程度、咀嚼功能和使用便利性等指标的观察分析发现:种植体辅助的不同修复方式,在牙周炎缺牙病人的咬合重建中,显示了不同的效果,各有利弊。固定修复的功能效果最佳,患者的满意度最高,但价格昂贵,疗程长。可摘覆盖义齿咀嚼效果次之,美观尚可,取摘方便,但费用较低。虽然修复的时间上因为种植牙植入手术后需要较长的恢复期,但在整体治疗结果上无论是简便性、舒适性与耐用性,都表现出明显的优势。结论:种植体辅助义齿修复的方式,在牙周病缺失牙患者的修复治疗中均显示出了积极的作用,临床上应根据患者的需求和经济状况,来选择固定式或可摘式的种植体辅助的义齿修复方式。
[Abstract]:Objective: periodontal disease can cause gingival redness, periodontal tissue destruction, and further development will lead to occlusal instability and tooth displacement. Improper occlusal force can lead to the disorder of occlusal relationship, and the destruction of alveolar bone will lead to the maladjustment of crown and root ratio, resulting in secondary occlusal trauma. Therefore, the control of secondary occlusal trauma is the primary task in the repair of missing teeth in periodontal disease. The conventional treatment is to use removable partial dentures to design transarch so that the gingival mucosa and root force is uniform so as to reduce the rate of alveolar bone absorption and improve the stability of denture. With the development of dental implant technology the success rate of implant therapy is improved significantly and a new method is provided for the repair of missing teeth in periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of implant assisted restoration in patients with periodontitis caused tooth loss by observing and analyzing the clinical cases. Methods: ten cases were collected from February 2012 to October 2015. All patients were diagnosed with mild to severe periodontitis, and dental implants were used to repair the missing teeth. There were 5 cases of fixed denture, 1 case of fixed removable denture and 4 cases of removable overdenture. In addition to implant implantation, crown lengthening, periodontal valvus, root amputation, and half-cut were used in different design reconstruction cases. The patients were followed up half a year after repair. The cost, implant condition, aesthetic degree, masticatory function and ease of use of various restoration methods were observed and evaluated. Results: through the observation and analysis of cost, implant condition, aesthetic degree, masticatory function and ease of use of these 10 cases, it was found that different prosthetic methods assisted by implant were used in the occlusal reconstruction of periodontitis patients with missing teeth. Show different effects, each of the pros and cons. Fixed repair is the best functional effect, patient satisfaction is the highest, but expensive, long course of treatment. Removable overdenture masticatory effect is second, beautiful, easy to pick, but the cost is lower. Although the time of restoration is due to the need for a long recovery period after dental implant implantation, there are obvious advantages in the overall outcome of treatment, such as simplicity, comfort and durability. Conclusion: the method of implant assisted denture restoration has played a positive role in the treatment of patients with periodontal disease missing teeth, and should be based on the needs and economic status of the patients. To select a fixed or removable implant-assisted denture.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R783.6

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