学龄前儿童龋病的相关因素及预防保健状况

发布时间：2018-10-10 16:52

【摘要】：目的:分析学龄前儿童龋病的患病情况,探讨其发病的相关影响因素,为龋病预防保健工作提供依据。方法:对2009年1月~2013年9月某社区所在幼儿园3~6岁学龄前儿童进行龋病调查,将3~6岁儿童分为3个层次,每个年龄层按照等距抽样原则抽取200名儿童进行调查。问卷调查表包括儿童生活习惯、口腔卫生及家庭因素等内容。掌握3~6岁学龄前儿童龋病的患病率情况,并分析与龋病相关的影响因素。结果:600例学龄前儿童,患龋病246例(41.0%),未患龋病354例(59.0%),其中3~4岁患龋病68例(34.0%),未患龋病132例(66.0%),4~5岁患龋病80例(40.0%),未患龋病120例(60.0%)。5~6岁患龋病98例(49.0%),未患龋病102例(51.0%),各年龄组儿童患龋率差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且各年龄组发病率呈上升趋势;喜食甜食、喜食碳酸饮料、每日刷牙次数至少2次、定期检查牙齿及母乳喂养是患龋病的主要因素,上述因素在两组间有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:学龄前儿童患龋病率较高,患龋病率随年龄的增大而呈上升的趋势。要针对患龋病相关因素采取针对性的预防保健措施,加强口腔卫生知识宣传并定期查治,同时推广和指导学龄前儿童正确刷牙方法,养成保持口腔卫生的习惯。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children and to explore the related factors to provide evidence for the prevention and health care of caries. Methods: from January 2009 to September 2013, a survey on dental caries was carried out among preschool children aged 3 to 6 years old in a community kindergarten. The children aged 3 years old were divided into 3 levels. 200 children were selected from each age group according to the principle of equidistant sampling. The questionnaire includes children's living habits, oral hygiene and family factors. To understand the prevalence of caries in children aged 3 to 6 years old, and analyze the related factors of caries. Results: 600 preschool children, There were 246 cases (41.0%) of caries, 354 cases (59.0%) without caries, 68 cases (34.0%) of caries in 34 years old, 132 cases (66.0%) of non-caries, 80 cases (40.0%) of caries in 4 ~ 5 years old, 120 cases (60.0%) of non-caries, 98 cases (49.0%) of caries and 102 cases (51.0%) of non-caries in 56-year-old children. Statistical significance (P0.05), and the incidence of each age group showed an upward trend; Sweet food, carbonated drinks, brushing at least 2 times a day, regular inspection of teeth and breast-feeding are the main factors of dental caries, the above factors were statistically different between the two groups (P0.05). Conclusion: the incidence of caries in preschool children is higher, and the incidence of caries increases with age. Aiming at the related factors of dental caries, we should take preventive and health measures, strengthen oral hygiene knowledge propaganda and regular check and cure, at the same time, popularize and instruct preschool children to brush their teeth correctly, and form the habit of keeping oral hygiene.
【作者单位】：海南省海口市第四人民医院口腔科;
【基金】：中国高校医学期刊临床专项资金项目〔编号:11321111;备注码:GRTVQ7HC〕
【分类号】：R788.1

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