宁夏中卫市6～12岁儿童口腔健康状况调查及12岁儿童口腔健康状况相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-10-31 06:55

【摘要】：目的通过对宁夏中卫市(沙坡头区、中宁县、海原县)三地区6~12岁儿童进行口腔检查,了解该地区儿童口腔健康状况(乳恒牙龋患现况及龋齿充填情况,牙龈炎患病情况及牙结石检出情况);收集12岁儿童口腔健康知识调查问卷,对影响龋病及牙龈炎相关因素进行统计分析,为中卫市6~12岁儿童口腔卫生保健提供流行病学依据。方法采用随机、整群抽样方法,抽取中卫市(沙坡头区、中宁县、海原县)三地区共计1823名回、汉族儿童,对以上儿童进行口腔检查,检查者填写检查表,对12岁儿童进行口腔相关知识问卷调查。结果应用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果中卫市1823名儿童的龋病患病率为47.34%,龋均为1.48;龋齿充填率为5.74%。中卫市三区龋病患病率差异无统计学意义;三区龋均差异有统计学意义。沙坡头区龋均低于中宁县和海原县,差异有统计学意义。沙坡头区龋齿充填率高于海原县,差异有统计学意义。回汉族儿童的龋病患病率、龋均差异无统计学意义。不同性别之间龋病患病率、龋均差异无统计学意义。乳牙6~12岁组之间龋均差异有统计学意义。中卫市1823名儿童牙龈炎患病率为48.00%,其中沙坡头区、中宁县、海原县牙龈炎患病率差异有统计学意义。回汉儿童之间牙龈炎患病率、牙石检出率无统计学差异。男童女童牙龈炎患病率、牙石检出率差异有统计学意义。不同年龄组牙龈炎患病率、牙石检出率差异无统计学意义。12岁儿童龋病、牙龈炎相关因素分析:刷牙次数、进食面包/蛋糕/饼干频率、定期口腔检查及含氟牙膏的使用经单因素分析后有统计学意义,以上4项引入多因素回归模型分析后得出,定期口腔检查及进食面包/蛋糕/饼干频率是儿童龋病发生的重要影响因素。单因素分析得出儿童牙龈炎发生仅受刷牙次数影响。结论1.中卫市6~12岁儿童乳恒牙患龋率高,充填率低;不同民族、性别之间患龋率无显著性差异,乳牙不同年龄组龋均差异有统计学意义。2.中卫市6~12岁儿童牙龈炎患病率处于中间水平,不同民族之间牙龈炎患病率、牙石检出率无显著性差异,不同性别之间牙龈炎患病率、牙石检出率有显著性差异,不同年龄组牙龈炎患病率、牙石检出率差异无统计学意义。3.单因素及多因素分析结果示:刷牙次数是影响儿童牙龈炎的主要因素,定期口腔检查及进食面包/蛋糕/饼干频率会影响儿童龋病发生;4.中卫市儿童口腔卫生习惯较差,相关口腔健康保健知识淡薄,应加强孩子们的口腔卫生保健知识,培养孩子良好的口腔保健习惯,减少口腔疾患的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the oral health status of 612 year old children in Zhongwei City (Shapotou District, Zhongning County, Haiyuan County) in Ningxia, and to find out the status of dental caries and dental caries filling. The prevalence of gingivitis and the detection of dental calculi); The questionnaire of oral health knowledge of children aged 12 years was collected and the related factors of dental caries and gingivitis were statistically analyzed to provide epidemiological basis for oral health care of children aged 12 years old in Zhongwei city. Methods A total of 1823 children of Han nationality were selected from three areas of Zhongwei City (Shapotou District, Zhongning County, Haiyuan County) by random and cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 12-year-old children with oral knowledge. Results SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results the prevalence rate of caries in 1823 children in Zhongwei city was 47.34, the caries average was 1.48, and the filling rate of caries was 5.74. There was no significant difference in caries prevalence among the three regions of Zhongwei city, but there was significant difference in caries average among the three regions. The caries in Shapotou area were lower than those in Zhongning county and Haiyuan county, and the difference was statistically significant. The filling rate of dental caries in Shapotou area was higher than that in Haiyuan county, and the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in caries prevalence and caries average in children of Hui Han nationality. There was no significant difference in caries prevalence rate and caries average between genders. There was significant difference in caries between 6 and 12 years old deciduous teeth. The prevalence rate of gingivitis was 48.00 in 1823 children in Zhongwei city. There was significant difference in the prevalence rate of gingivitis in Shapotou County, Zhongning County and Haiyuan County. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of gingivitis and the detection rate of odontolith among children in Huihan. There were significant differences in the prevalence of gingivitis and the detection rate of odontolith among boys and girls. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of gingivitis and the detection rate of dental stone among different age groups. Analysis of the related factors of dental caries and gingivitis in children aged 12 years: the frequency of brushing teeth, the frequency of eating bread / cake / biscuit, Regular oral examination and the use of fluoride toothpaste were statistically significant after univariate analysis. The above four items were analyzed by multivariate regression model. Regular oral examination and eating frequency of bread / cake / biscuit were important factors of children's caries. Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of gingivitis in children was only affected by the number of teeth brushing. Conclusion 1. The caries rate of primary permanent teeth was high and the filling rate was low in children aged 6 to 12 years in Zhongwei city, but there was no significant difference in caries rate among different nationalities and sexes, but there was significant difference in caries between different age groups of deciduous teeth. 2. The prevalence rate of gingivitis in children aged 6 to 12 years old in Zhongwei City was at the intermediate level. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of gingivitis and the detection rate of dental stone among different nationalities, but there was significant difference in the prevalence rate of gingivitis and the detection rate of dental stone among different genders. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of gingivitis and the detection rate of odontolith in different age groups. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the frequency of tooth brushing was the main factor affecting gingivitis in children. Regular oral examination and consumption of bread / cake / biscuit frequency would affect the incidence of dental caries in children. 4. The oral health habits of children in Zhongwei City are poor and the knowledge of oral health care is weak. It is necessary to strengthen the knowledge of oral health care for children to cultivate good oral health care habits and to reduce the occurrence of oral diseases.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R788

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