口腔微生物生物膜分散物质的研究进展

发布时间：2018-12-26 07:53

【摘要】：生物膜是黏附在固体表面,包裹在自身产生的胞外多聚基质中的细菌群体。生物膜的形成和发展包括细菌的黏附、繁殖和分散。附着于某表面的生物膜将其中的细菌释放、分散到周围环境以传播到新的位置形成新的群落即生物膜的分散。生物膜分散是生物膜生长发展周期中一个重要的阶段,起到重要的传播作用。对许多致病菌而言,生物膜的分散能使生物膜的细菌转化为浮游状态,促进感染的扩散。生物膜的形成能提高细菌对抗微生物剂及宿主防御反应的抵抗力。在口腔中,口腔微生物能附着于口腔组织及修复体表面形成生物膜。人类龋病、牙周病是口腔的慢性感染性疾病,它们的发生与生物膜密切相关。生物膜分散机制是近年的研究热点,促进生物膜分散的新制剂可能成为攻克生物膜感染又一靶点。分散物质的临床意义和可能的临床应用具有广阔的前景。本文对口腔中能促进生物膜分散的分散物质作一综述。
[Abstract]:Biofilm is a bacterial population that adheres to solid surfaces and encapsulates its own extracellular polymeric matrix. The formation and development of biofilms include the adhesion, reproduction and dispersion of bacteria. The biofilm attached to a surface releases the bacteria and disperses the bacteria into the surrounding environment to spread to a new location to form a new community called biofilm dispersion. Biofilm dispersion is an important stage of biofilm growth and development cycle and plays an important role in spreading. For many pathogenic bacteria, the dispersion of biofilm can transform biofilm bacteria into planktonic state and promote the spread of infection. The formation of biofilm can improve the resistance of bacteria against microbial agents and host defense responses. In the oral cavity, oral microbes can adhere to the surface of oral tissue and prosthesis to form biofilm. Human dental caries and periodontal diseases are chronic infectious diseases of the oral cavity, and their occurrence is closely related to biofilm. The mechanism of biofilm dispersion is a hot topic in recent years, and a new agent to promote biofilm dispersion may become another target to overcome biofilm infection. The clinical significance and possible clinical application of dispersible substances have broad prospects. In this paper, the dispersion of biofilm in oral cavity is reviewed.
【作者单位】：口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室华西口腔医院牙周科(四川大学);
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30872872) 四川省科技厅科技支撑计划基金资助项目(2011FZ0044)
【分类号】：R780.2

【共引文献】