云南边境地区磨憨口岸和关累口岸流行性乙型脑炎媒介调查研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 03:23

  本文关键词：云南边境地区磨憨口岸和关累口岸流行性乙型脑炎媒介调查研究　出处：《大理学院》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 乙型脑炎病毒 媒介带毒率 种群密度 云南边境口岸

【摘要】：目的：了解云南边境地区磨憨口岸和关累口岸流行性乙型脑炎媒介种类组成、季节消长及其流行性乙型脑炎病毒带毒率状况，为当地流行性乙型脑炎预防控制提供有效依据。 方法：(1)媒介种类与生态习性调查于2011年5-10月期间，逐月下旬在磨憨口岸和关累口岸附近的两个自然村开展乙脑媒介种类、季节消长和夜间活动习性调查。其中，媒介种类和季节消长调查，采取诱蚊灯通宵捕获成蚊，捕获的成蚊次日分类、鉴定并计数，然后按照蚊虫种类分装于1.8ml冻存管存于液氮罐中，带回实验室进行病毒分离；夜间活动习性调查，采用人帐诱法通宵观察蚊虫夜间叮人活动规律，捕获的成蚊次日分类、鉴定和计数。（2）蚊虫乙脑病毒带毒率调查对现场捕获的成蚊在实验室开展乙脑病毒检测，即研磨蚊虫标本，取上清液接种C6/36细胞，然后再提取RNA，最后采用RT-PCR两步法分离鉴定乙脑病毒，并测序。 结果：（1）媒介蚊虫种类组成情况共捕获10属16亚属35种5618只成蚊；其中，三带喙库蚊属于该两边境口岸的优势蚊种（构成比为80.90%），其次为中华按蚊（构成比为3.67%）。调查发现，两口岸优势蚊虫种类、构成比及其蚊虫种群密度存在着一定差异，即磨憨口岸，三带喙库蚊（构成比为85.53%）、白霜库蚊（3.81%）、中华按蚊（1.80%）为优势蚊种，蚊虫种群数量高峰出现于5月（269.75只/灯·夜）；而关累口岸，，三带喙库蚊（34.06%）、中华按蚊（22.57%）、黑点库蚊（7.72%）为优势蚊种，且高峰期在7月（16.38只/灯·夜）。夜间活动习性，磨憨口岸，三带喙库蚊夜间活动高峰出现在21：00-22：00，而关累口岸夜间活动高峰在22：00-23：00。（2）蚊虫乙脑病毒带毒率情况共检测62批4573只成蚊标本，其中三带喙库蚊40批（4130只），白霜库蚊4批（64只），致倦库蚊3批（46只），白胸库蚊1批（7只），中华按蚊6批（100只），迷糊按蚊1批（39只），棋斑按蚊2批（45只），骚扰阿蚊3批（73只），白纹伊蚊2批（69只），结果共检测出黄病毒阳性样本6批；其中，三带喙库蚊3批，中华按蚊1批，白纹伊蚊2批。上述6批阳性标本中采用乙脑病毒RT-PCR鉴定，从三带喙库蚊中分离到一株乙脑病毒，自然带毒率0.24‰，经测序比对，该乙脑病毒属于基因Ⅰ型。 结论：（1）磨憨口岸和关累口岸蚊虫组成复杂，种类较多，其中三带喙库蚊为当地的优势蚊种，乙脑病毒带毒率0.24‰，属于当地乙型脑炎主要媒介，提示当地居民做好防蚊灭蚊措施和加强乙脑疫苗接种工作。（2）当地乙脑流行可能主要由基因Ⅰ型引起。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the composition of epidemic Japanese encephalitis vectors, seasonal fluctuation and the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus in Mohan port and Guanle port in Yunnan border area. To provide effective basis for prevention and control of epidemic encephalitis B in local area. Methods A survey of media species and ecological habits was carried out in two natural villages near Mohan port and Guanle port from May to October in 2011. Investigation on seasonal fluctuation and nocturnal activity. Among them, vector species and seasonal variation were investigated. Adult mosquitoes were captured overnight by mosquito trap lights, and adult mosquitoes were classified, identified and counted on the next day. According to the species of mosquitoes, it was stored in 1.8ml cryopreservation tube in liquid nitrogen tank and then brought back to the laboratory for virus isolation. Investigation of nocturnal activity habits was conducted to observe the pattern of night-time bite of mosquitoes by human trapping and the adult mosquitoes were classified on the next day. Identification and enumeration of mosquito encephalitis B virus carrying rate investigation on Japanese encephalitis virus in laboratory collected adult mosquitoes, I. e. Ground mosquito specimens, and inoculated C6 / 36 cells with supernatant. Then RNAs were extracted and identified by RT-PCR two-step method and sequenced. Results 5 618 adult mosquitoes belonging to 10 genera, 16 subgenera and 35 species were captured. Among them, Culex tritaeniorhynchus belongs to the dominant mosquito species (composition ratio is 80.90), followed by Anopheles sinensis (composition ratio is 3.67%). There are some differences in composition ratio and mosquito population density, namely Mohan port, Culex tritaeniorhynchus (composition ratio is 85.53, Culex albopictus 3.81). Anopheles sinensis (1.80) is the dominant mosquito species, and the peak of mosquito population appeared in May (269.75). At Guanle Port, the dominant species were Culex tritaeniorhynchus 34.06, Anopheles sinensis 22.57m, Culex nigra 7.72). The peak was 16.38 / light / night on July. The nocturnal activity of Culex tritaeniorhynchus appeared at 21: 00-22: 00 at Mohan port. The peak of nocturnal activity at the customs port was 22: 00-23: 00.02) the viral rate of mosquito encephalitis B virus was detected in 62 batches of 4573 adult mosquito specimens. Among them, 4130 were in 40 batches of Culex pipiens tritaeniorhynchus, 64 in 4 batches of Culex albopictus, 46 in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in 3 batches, 7 in Culex albopictus in 1 batch, and 100 in Anopheles sinensis in 6 batches). 39 Anopheles albopictus in 1 batch, 45 in Anopheles maculatus in 2 batches, 73 in Anopheles albopictus in 3 batches and 69 in Aedes albopictus in 2 batches. A total of 6 batches of yellow virus positive samples were detected. Among them, 3 batches of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, 1 batch of Anopheles sinensis and 2 batches of Aedes albopictus were identified by Japanese encephalitis virus (je) RT-PCR. The natural virus carrying rate was 0.24 鈥

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