2011-2015年贵州省土源性线虫感染监测结果分析

发布时间：2018-02-04 13:02

本文关键词： 土源性线虫监测感染率贵州省　出处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解贵州省2011-2015年监测点居民土源性线虫感染情况。方法2011-2015年分别从贵州省普定县东、南、西、北、中5个片区选取马官镇田官村、坪上乡大哪村、化处镇水母村、城关镇青山村、坪上镇坪上村作为监测点,每年对其中的一个行政村开展土源性线虫感染情况监测,收集3岁以上常住居民的粪便,采用改良加藤厚涂片法查虫卵,透明胶纸肛拭法查3~12岁儿童蛲虫(Enterobius vermicularis)卵。改良饱和硝酸钠漂浮法检查居民居所附近的菜园、厕所周边、庭院和厨房等4种环境类型土壤中蛔虫(Ascaris lumbricoides)卵污染的情况。分析比较不同性别、年龄、职业等人群土源性线虫感染率,率的比较采用χ~2检验。结果 2011-2015年累计检查5 035人,土源性线虫感染率分别为14.24%(143/1 004)、15.72%(161/1 024)、12.29%(123/1 001)、15.38%(156/1 001)、32.44%(326/1 005);蛔虫、钩虫(Ancylostoma sp.)、鞭虫(Trichuris trichiura)和儿童蛲虫的平均感染率为11.40%(574/5 035)、0.62%(31/5 035)、9.33%(470/5 035)和1.01%(14/1 381)。男性、女性土源性线虫平均感染率分别为18.28%(473/2 588)、17.82%(436/2 447),差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.15,P0.05)。不同年龄组中,10~岁组土源性线虫感染率最高,为23.25%(381/1 639)(χ~2=62.59,P0.05)。职业分布中,学生的感染率最高,为22.46%(524/2 333)(χ~2=58.43,P0.05)。小学文化程度的人感染率最高,为21.41%(455/2 125)(χ~2=39.19,P0.05)。苗族人群的感染率明显高于汉族及其他少数民族,为44.99%(220/489)(χ~2=267.70,P0.05)。2011-2015年共检测不同环境类型土壤200份,人蛔虫卵阳性86份,阳性率为43%(86/200);其中,菜园与厕所周边的活受精蛔虫卵检出率最高,分别为26%(13/50)与20%(10/50);厨房的检出率最低,为2%(1/50);4种环境类型土壤中人蛔虫卵的污染情况差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.71,P0.05)。结论 2011-2015年监测点居民土源性线虫感染率仍处于较高水平,以蛔虫和鞭虫感染为主。10~20岁人群、学生、小学文化程度及苗族人群的土源性线虫感染率高于其他人群。居民住所的环境土壤受到不同程度的人蛔虫卵污染。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the infection of soil-derived nematode in residents of Guizhou Province from 2011-2015. Methods from 2011 to 2015, the population of Puding County in Guizhou Province were collected from east, south, west and north respectively. The five districts selected Ma Guan Town Tian Guan Village, Pingshang Dana Village, Huazhuang Jellyfish Village, Chengguan Town Qingshan Village, Pingshang Town Pingshang Village as a monitoring point. In one of the administrative villages, the infection of soil nematode was monitored every year, and the feces of resident over 3 years old were collected, and the eggs were detected by modified Kato thick smear method. The eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (12 years old) were examined by means of transparent tape anal swab. The modified saturated sodium nitrate floatation method was used to examine the vegetable gardens near the residents' homes. Contamination of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in soil of four environmental types around toilet, courtyard and kitchen. Sex and age were analyzed and compared. The infection rate of soil-derived nematode was compared by 蠂 ~ 2 test. Results the total number of people tested in 2011-2015 was 5 035. The infection rate of soil-derived nematode was 14.24% and 143 / 1 004% 15.72%, and 161 / 1 024% 12.29% 123 / 1 001). 15.38: 156 / 1 001D 32.440.326 / 1,005; Ancylostoma sp.). The average infection rate of Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis in children was 11.404 / 5 035 / 0.62%). 9.33: 470 / 5035) and 1.01a / 14 / 1381. The average infection rate of soil-derived nematodes in men and women was 18.28 / 2 588 respectively. There was no significant difference between 436 / 2447% and 17.82% (蠂 ~ 2 / 0. 15 P 0.05). The infection rate of soil origin nematode was the highest in 10 ~ years old groups. The infection rate of students was the highest in the occupational distribution. The infection rate was the highest among those with 524 / 2333% (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) / 58.43 / 58.43) and primary education level (P < 0.05). The infection rate of the Miao population was significantly higher than that of the Han nationality and other minority nationalities. A total of 200 soil samples of different environmental types were detected from 2011 to 2015 for 44.99% 220 / 489 (蠂 ~ (2 +)) 267.70 (P0.05N). 86 cases of human ascariasis eggs were positive, the positive rate was 43%. The detectable rate of live fertilized ascariasis eggs in vegetable garden and toilet was the highest (26 / 13 / 50) and 20 / 10 / 50 / 50 respectively. The detection rate in kitchen was the lowest, 2 / 50; The contamination of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in four environmental types of soil was significantly different (蠂 2 + 12.71). Conclusion the infection rate of soil origin nematode is still in a high level from 2011 to 2015. The infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichuris is mainly in the population of 20 years old, students. The infection rate of soil-derived nematodes in primary school and Miao population was higher than that in other populations, and the environmental soil of residents' residence was polluted by roundworm eggs to varying degrees.
【作者单位】：贵州省疾病预防控制中心;普定县疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R181.8;R532.1
【正文快照】： 据2001-2004年贵州省重要寄生虫病现状调查测点,每年对其中的一个村进行监测。每个村采取结果显示,土源性线虫感染调查30个点15 958人,随机整群抽样,抽取3周岁(含3周岁)以上常住居感染率为47.52%,其中,蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫、蛲民及居住满1年以上外来人口作为监测对象,常住虫感染

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