云南9县清洁针具交换覆盖率及转介情况调查

发布时间：2018-02-05 02:50

本文关键词： 清洁针具交换现况调查美沙酮维持治疗　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的描述云南省清洁针具交换工作现状,了解清洁针具交换服务对象参与美沙酮维持治疗的情况。方法在云南省艾滋病防治重点地区中选取9个清洁针具交换县,通过方便抽样抽取694名清洁针具交换服务对象,采用统一自制问卷进行调查。结果调查发现,清洁针具交换和美沙酮维持治疗在注射吸毒人群中的月覆盖率分别为19.46%和45.03%。清洁针具交换服务对象参与美沙酮维持治疗的比例为76.95%,最近一个月正在参与美沙酮维持治疗的比例为57.35%,从美沙酮维持治疗脱失(脱失时间1个月)的比例为25.47%。在是否参加过强制戒毒或自愿戒毒(χ~2=39.902,P0.001)、是否正在参加艾滋病抗病毒治疗(χ~2=5.750,P=0.016)这两方面,清洁针具交换服务对象参与美沙酮维持治疗的比例差异有统计学意义,而不同HIV、HCV感染情况及参加丙肝抗病毒治疗情况的清洁针具交换服务对象参与美沙酮维持治疗的比例差别无统计学意义。结论云南省清洁针具交换工作覆盖面比较局限,且缺少有效的转介机制,建议清洁针具交换工作建立和完善与美沙酮维持治疗、艾滋病抗病毒治疗和丙肝抗病毒治疗之间的转介机制;可采取同伴推介及戒毒机构宣传的方式推动吸毒人群参与美沙酮维持治疗。
[Abstract]:Objective to describe the current situation of clean needle exchange in Yunnan province. To understand the situation of clean needle exchange service participants in methadone maintenance treatment. Methods 9 clean needle exchange counties were selected in the key areas of HIV / AIDS prevention and control in Yunnan Province. A total of 694 cleaning needle exchange service subjects were sampled by convenient sampling and investigated with a self-made questionnaire. The monthly coverage of clean needle exchange and methadone maintenance treatment in injecting drug users were 19.46% and 45.03.The proportion of clean needle exchange service participants participating in methadone maintenance treatment was 76. 3%. 95%. The rate of participation in methadone maintenance in the last month was 57.35%. The rate of loss from methadone maintenance treatment (1 month) was 25.47.With participation in compulsory detoxification or voluntary detoxification (蠂 2 / 39.902 / P 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of clean needle exchange service participants in methadone maintenance therapy between the two groups (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (5.750) P ~ (0.016)). And different HIV. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HCV infection and the proportion of clean needle exchange service participants participating in methadone maintenance therapy. Conclusion there is no significant difference in the coverage of clean needle exchange in Yunnan Province. Limit. And lack of effective referral mechanism, it is suggested that clean needle exchange should establish and perfect the referral mechanism between methadone maintenance therapy, HIV / AIDS antiviral therapy and hepatitis C antiviral therapy. We can promote drug users to participate in methadone maintenance therapy by means of peer referral and drug treatment organization publicity.
【作者单位】：云南省药物依赖防治研究所;
【分类号】：R512.91;R183
【正文快照】： 目前,国内已有荟萃分析证实了清洁针具交换(Needle-Exchange Programs,NEP)在艾滋病防治工作中的积极作用[1],一些学者对清洁针具交换进行了卫生经济学评价,证明了清洁针具交换是艾滋病防治工作中一种低成本、有效的减少伤害措施[2],也有学者对影响吸毒者参加清洁针具交换的因

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