新疆铁路车站、旅客列车鼠、蟑侵害情况调查及防制研究

发布时间：2018-02-05 01:45

本文关键词： 车站旅客列车老鼠蟑螂预防和控制　出处：《新疆医科大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：为科学防制站车鼠、蟑危害提供本底资料。方法：本次调查对站、车鼠密度的调查采用了鼠夹法，晚放早收，诱饵为花生米；蟑螂密度调查采用了药激询问法和粘蟑盒法。结果：通过调查查清了新疆站、车的鼠害鼠种为褐家鼠、小家鼠和灰仓鼠；蟑螂种属是德国小蠊。鼠类主要分布在车库、车站周边环境，其次为宾馆、饭店和行李房等处，旅客列车鼠害主要有两种，即小家鼠和褐家鼠，，主要分布在车厢的茶炉附近、餐车的后堂与顶棚、小卖部、柜子缝隙等；鼠类侵入旅客列车的途径主要有两种。一是经食品、备品、行李、包裹等携带进入旅客列车。理由是车站周围外环境的鼠密度较高，且捕获的鼠类主要分布于硬座、行李车、餐车。二是在车辆的修理或长时间停放的过程中爬入。理由主要是在列车上捕到的鼠类多数存在于旧车体。车站及各类环境的蟑螂侵害是比较严重的，特别是各类餐饮场所、旅店、招待所为最重，旅客列车的蟑螂主要分布于硬座和餐车的各类缝隙中，且若虫较多。蟑螂侵入旅客列车的途径有三种。一是随旅客的行李、包裹带人；二是随餐车的配料，食品等带入；三是在车辆修理、制造或停放时爬入。以上三种方式中以被动的方式进入车内为主。被带入的蟑螂数量虽然少，但由于繁殖速度快，若没有及时消灭其侵害就会直线上升。通过试验室对旅客列车捕获的蟑螂子代做药物抗性测定发现新疆站车的蟑螂对菊酯类杀虫剂已有一定的抗药性。结论：针对目前新疆铁路站、车鼠蟑侵害情况，要定期监测鼠蟑密度，及时准确掌握鼠蟑的消长趋势，根据鼠蟑密度消长规律，及时调整灭鼠灭蟑
[Abstract]:Objective: to provide background information for scientific control of rodent and cockroach hazards. The investigation of cockroach density was carried out with the methods of drug challenge and cockroach box. Results: the rodent species in Xinjiang were identified as Rattus norvegicus, rodent and grey hamster. Cockroaches belong to Blattella germanica. Rodents are mainly distributed in garages, surrounding environment of stations, followed by hotels, restaurants and baggage rooms. There are two kinds of rodent in passenger train, that is, rodent and rodent. Mainly distributed in the car near the tea stove, dining car rear hall and ceiling, commissary, cabinet gap; There are two main ways for rats to invade passenger trains. One is to carry food, supplies, luggage, parcels into passenger trains. The reason is that the density of rats around the station is high. And the captured rodents are mainly distributed in hard seat, luggage cart. Dining car. The second is to climb into the vehicle during the repair or long parking process. The reason is that most of the rodents caught on the train exist in the old car body. The cockroaches in the station and all kinds of environment are more serious. In particular, all kinds of restaurants, hotels, guesthouses for the heaviest, passenger train cockroaches are mainly distributed in hard seats and dining car in all kinds of cracks. There are three ways for cockroaches to intrude into passenger trains. Second, with the dining car ingredients, food and other brought into; The third is crawling in when the vehicle is repaired, manufactured or parked. In the above three ways, the main way is to enter the car in a passive way. Although the number of cockroaches brought into the vehicle is small, but the breeding speed is fast. If it is not eliminated in time, it will rise in a straight line. By testing the drug resistance of cockroach offspring caught by passenger train in laboratory, it is found that cockroaches in Xinjiang station have some resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. Aiming at the current railway station in Xinjiang. The density of rodent cockroaches should be monitored regularly and the trend of rodent cockroach density should be accurately grasped. According to the law of rodent cockroach density, the rodent cockroach density should be adjusted in time.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R184

【引证文献】