无锡市锡山区某小学一起水痘暴发疫情的现场流行病学调查

发布时间：2018-02-28 04:37

本文关键词： 水痘暴发流行病学调查　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析某小学水痘疫情的流行特征,探讨引起暴发的原因,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法研究该起水痘暴发疫情的流行病学特征。结果本次水痘疫情总罹患率为1.53%,男女罹患率分别为1.50%和1.76%,不同性别间的罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.298,P=0.585)。疫情波及5个年级12个班级,三年级学生罹患率最高为3.80%,不同年级学生间的罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=18.532,P=0.001)。该起疫情持续54 d,出现2个发病高峰,直至学校进入暑期才得以有效控制。该起疫情突破性水痘病例占所有病例的68.89%,均曾接种过水痘减毒活疫苗(VarV),接种年限为1~10年。结论本次水痘暴发疫情为年级间和班级内人际接触传播,应构建学校、社区中心、疾控中心等相关人员间的联动机制,有效控制学校水痘疫情的发生和蔓延。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic characteristics of chickenpox in a primary school and explore the causes of the outbreak. Methods the epidemiological characteristics of the chickenpox outbreak were studied by descriptive epidemiological method. Results the total incidence rate of the chickenpox outbreak was 1.53, and the attack rates of men and women were 1.50% and 1.76 respectively. There was no significant difference in attack rate among different genders (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 0.298). The epidemic spread to 12 classes in 5 grades. The attack rate of the third grade students was the highest (3.80). There were significant differences in the attack rates among the students of different grades (蠂 ~ (2 +) ~ (2) ~ (18) 532) P ~ (0.001). The epidemic situation lasted for 54 days, and there were two peaks. It was not until the school entered the summer that it could be effectively controlled. This case of groundbreaking chickenpox accounted for 68.89% of all cases. All of them had been vaccinated with live attenuated varicella vaccine for 1 ~ 10 years. Conclusion this outbreak of chickenpox is between grade and year. Interpersonal communication within the class, To control the occurrence and spread of chickenpox in school effectively, the linkage mechanism among school, community center, disease control center and so on should be established.
【作者单位】：无锡市锡山区疾病预防控制中心流病科;
【分类号】：R181.3;R725.1

【相似文献】