崇明县慢性肾脏病流行病学调查及其病理分析

发布时间：2018-03-01 14:04

本文关键词： 慢性肾脏病患病率流行病学病理　出处：《上海医学》2014年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的对上海市崇明县慢性肾脏病(CKD)的患病情况和相关危险因素进行探讨,同时对行肾活组织检查的CKD患者的病理类型进行分析。方法 2011年9月—2012年3月对崇明县40~70岁1 358名常住居民进行CKD流行病学调查,通过问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查获取相关资料。结果校正人口、年龄和性别构成比后,在1 092例资料完整的人群中,不同性别间血尿患病率和肾小球滤过率估算值(eGFR)下降发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05),而女性的蛋白尿和CKD患病率均显著高于男性(P值均0.05)。男、女性别组不同年龄段间血尿患病率和肾小球滤过率估算值(eGFR)下降发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05),而各年龄段女性的蛋白尿和CKD患病率均显著高于同年龄段男性(P值均0.05)。随着年龄的增长,男性的蛋白尿患病率(χ2=0.101,P=0.751)和CKD患病率(χ2=0.527,P=0.468)无明显变化,而女性的蛋白尿患病率(χ2=18.429,P=0.000)和CKD患病率(χ2=21.106,P=0.000)均逐渐升高。行肾活组织检查46例,原发性肾脏病所占比例最大(78.3%),尤以IgA肾病多见。多因素分析结果显示,性别、年龄、糖尿病、高尿酸血症、腰臀比是导致CKD发生的独立危险因素(P值均0.05)。结论应针对糖尿病、高尿酸血症等疾病进行预防性宣传教育,促使居民及早就医,严格控制疾病的发展,以减少CKD的发病。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chongming County, Shanghai. Methods from September 2011 to March 2012, 1 358 residents aged 70 years old in Chongming County were investigated with CKD epidemiology. Results after adjusting the population, age and sex composition ratio, in 1,092 people with complete data, There was no significant difference in the incidence of blood urine prevalence and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decrease among different genders (P = 0.05), while the prevalence of proteinuria and CKD in women was significantly higher than that in men (P = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hematuria and glomerular filtration rate between different age groups (P = 0.05), but the prevalence of proteinuria and CKD in different age groups were significantly higher than those in the same age group. The P values of male patients were 0. 05% and 0. 05% respectively. The prevalence rate of proteinuria (蠂 ~ 2 + 0.101) and CKD (蠂 ~ (2) 0.27) did not change significantly in male (蠂 ~ (2 +)), but the prevalence rate of proteinuria (蠂 ~ (2)) and CKD (蠂 ~ (2)) were increased in female (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) and (21.106) (P ~ (0.000)). Renal biopsy was performed in 46 cases, and there was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of proteinuria (蠂 ~ (2)) and CKD (P ~ (0.468)). Primary kidney disease accounted for the largest proportion, especially in IgA nephropathy. The results of multivariate analysis showed that sex, age, diabetes, hyperuricemia and waist-to-hip ratio were all independent risk factors for the occurrence of CKD (P = 0.05). In order to reduce the incidence of CKD, hyperuricemia and other diseases should be given preventive publicity and education to urge residents to seek medical treatment as soon as possible and strictly control the development of the disease.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院肾内科;
【分类号】：R181.3;R692

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