中国各省份预防接种异常反应补偿费用测算方法和额度比较

发布时间：2018-03-18 08:09

本文选题：预防接种　切入点：异常反应　出处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2015年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：根据2005年国务院《疫苗流通和预防接种管理条例》的要求,全国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)所有的省、自治区、直辖市和新疆生产建设兵团已公开发布相应的补偿办法,对预防接种异常反应给予一次性补偿。其中,补偿测算方法和补偿额度是政府、疫苗生产企业、疫苗受种方等各方关注的核心问题。本研究比较分析了各省份的预防接种异常反应补偿测算方法,并计算了各省份各类损伤的补偿额度。2014年1岁以内婴儿死亡补偿金、残疾生活补助费、其他损伤费用补偿的最高额度中位数分别为28.2万元、5.1万元~46.2万元和2.3万元。研究发现省际间异常反应补偿额度差异过大、同类损伤补偿费用种类不一、补偿费用测算弹性过大、补偿申请与审核程序复杂等问题。建议各省份逐步向总体费用补偿的方向发展,逐步平衡或统一不同省份同一类型损伤的补偿费用类别,进一步明晰测算指标和测算方法,并简化补偿申请手续。对不足以证实或排除的预防接种异常反应,可采取"疑点利益归属于受害人"的原则给予一定补偿。建议国家层面可考虑计算补偿资金需求,针对多方来源进行补偿专项筹资,以对各省份提供支持,推动补偿制度的发展完善和预防接种异常反应风险管理。
[Abstract]:According to the regulations of the State Council on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Preventive vaccination of 2005, all provinces and autonomous regions throughout the country (excluding Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative region and Taiwan region, the same area below), The municipalities directly under the Central Government and the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps have publicly issued corresponding compensation measures, which will provide one-time compensation for abnormal vaccination reactions. This study compared and analyzed the compensation methods for the abnormal response of vaccination in different provinces, and calculated the compensation amount of various kinds of injury in each province. 2014, the compensation for infant death under 1 year old. The median of compensation for disability living expenses and other injury costs were 282,000 yuan, 51,000 yuan to 462,000 yuan and 23,000 yuan respectively. It is suggested that each province should gradually develop toward the direction of overall cost compensation, and gradually balance or unify the categories of compensation costs for the same type of injury in different provinces. To further clarify the measurement indicators and methods, and to simplify the procedures for applying for compensation. Abnormal reactions to vaccinations that are not sufficiently verified or excluded, It is suggested that at the national level, consideration could be given to calculating the need for compensatory funds and providing special funding for compensation from multiple sources in order to provide support to the provinces. Promote the development of compensation system and the risk management of vaccination abnormal reaction.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学社会发展与公共政策学院;中国疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金,预防接种异常反应:风险的社会扩大和社会管理,编号:71373027 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助
【分类号】：R186

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